k = isoentropic exponent

Kukosha kwe k nokuda kwevhavhavhavha

rakanyorwa naAlessandro Ruzza

by Rentato Pintabona uye Panio Colacicco

Kuyera kwemavharuvhu ekuchengetedza akagadzirirwa kuburitsa magasi kana mhute, zvinoenderana nelspesl Kuunganidza "E", inoda ruzivo rweiyo isoentropic exponent k panguva yekubuda.

Kusangwarira kushandiswa kwelspesl Kuunganidza “E” chitsauko “E.1”, maererano nekukura kwemavharuvhu edziviriro, kunogona kutungamirira kukuwandisa kwesimba rekubuda kwemavharuvhu uye madhisiki ekuputika.

Ichi chinyorwa chinopa mamwe mazano ekufungidzira kukosha kwe k kune magasi chaiwo uye
inosimbisa chikanganiso nekufunga k yakaenzana nereshiyo yekupisa chaiko Cp/Cv

Chikanganiso chekutanga uye chakakomba chinofanira kudzivirirwa ndechekushandisa fomula iri muKuunganidzwa 'E', inoshanda kumagasi kana mweya, mumamiriro ezvinhu apo maviri-phase discharge yemvura uye gasi / mhute inoitika. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, chaizvoizvo, madhayamita akaverengwa pasina mubvunzo achave akaderedzwa kana achienzaniswa nezvinodiwa chaizvo.

Chikanganiso chechipiri, icho muzviitiko zvakawanda chinogona kutungamirira kune kuderedza hurongwa hwekuchengetedza, ndiko kupa isoentropic exponent k kukosha kwereshiyo yeCp/Cv. Nepo poindi yekutanga ichange iri nyaya yenhevedzano yezvinyorwa zvinotevera, pano tinoda kupa mamwe mazano anobatsira ekuverenga iyo isoentropic exponent uye kuratidza, mune kongiri kesi, saizi yekukanganisa inogona kuitwa.

Isoentropic kubuda kuburikidza nemuromo

Formula [1] iyo inoshandiswa muunganidzwa "E", pamwe chete mune imwe Italian [2] uye mutorwa [3] standma ards, ekuverengera mavharuvhu ekuchengetedza anofanirwa kuburitsa magasi kana mhute, ndeye isoentropic kubuda kuburikidza nenozzle pasi pemamiriro akakomba ekusvetuka, ayo kune gasi rakanakira:

uko expansipane coefficient C inopiwa ne:

kuva k iyo exponent ye isoentropic expansipa equation:

Fluid	P1 (bar)	T1 (°C)	q' (kg/h)	q (kg/h)	(q'/q) x 100
Methane	12	50	1472	1466	100.4
Methane	23	200	2314	2267	102.1
Propane	12	100	2261	2181	103.7
Hexane	12	178	3099	2740	113.1
Hexane	23	220	6519	5111	127.5
Heptane	12	215	3232	2821	114.4

q'= mwero wekuyerera wakaverengerwa ne k = Cp/Cv (20 °C, 1 atm)
q = chiyero chekuyerera chakaverengerwa ne k = (Cp/Cv) • (Z/Zp)

Nekuunza iyo yekuyedza coefficient k yevhavhavhavhavha yekubuda kunze, iyo inotarisisa pasi rose kuita kweiyo kubuda kwevhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavha kuona kubuda kwevhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavharwe kuchengetedza coefficient 0.9 uye compressibility factor Z.₁ nokuda kwemvura chaiyo, tinosvika pakuumbwa kwekuunganidza "E":

(1) [1]

Iyo isoentropic exponent k inogona kuratidzwa se:

[2]

For an gasi rakanaka, izvo P x V / R x T =1 , zvinoratidzwa kuti k yakaenzana nereshiyo Cp/Cv pakati pezviya zvekupisa zvinogara zvichimanikidza uye vhoriyamu.

For a gasi chairo, k inogona kuratidzwa (ona Appendikisi B) ne:

[3]

apo Z ndiyo iyo compressibility factor inotsanangurwa neZ=P x V / R x T uye Zp ndiyo "yakatorwa compressibility factor". Paunenge uchishandisa formula [3], maererano nekuunganidza "E", kukosha kweCp/Cv, Z uye Zp kunofanira kuongororwa pamamiriro ekubuda P.₁ uye T₁.

Iyo yakatorwa compressibility factor Zp inotsanangurwa mufomula [4] se:

Iyo compressibility factor Z inogona kuratidzwa se:

[4]

uye zvakafanana, zvinogona kuratidzwa se:

[5]

uko ukoshi hweZ^0, Z^1, Zp^0, Zp^1 hwakarongwa muAppendikisi A sebasa rePr naTr.

In [4] uye [5], Ω ndiyo Pitzer's acentric factor inotsanangurwa ne:

[10]

Ipo Pr^SAT ndiyo yakaderedzwa mhute pressure inoenderana neyakaderedzwa tembiricha kukosha Tr=T/Tc=0,7. Appendikisi A inoratidza kukosha kwe Ω kwezvimwe zvinwiwa. Z e Zp inogona zvakare kutorwa zvakananga kubva kune yekuongorora equation yenyika.

Muenzaniso wenhamba

Tichitendeukira kumuenzaniso wenhamba, ngatiti isu tinoda kuverenga kuburitsa simba revhavhavha yekuchengetedza pasi pemamiriro anotevera:

Fluid		n-Butano
Nyika yepanyama		superheated vapor
Molecular mass	M	58,119
Isai pressure	P	19,78 bar
Kudzvinyirira		10%
Tembiricha yemvura	T	400 K
Efflux coefficient		0,9
Orifice dhayamita	Do	100 mamirimita

iyo discharge pressure inopiwa ne:

kuva ye n-Butane: Tc=425,18 K and Pc=37,96 bar, tine:

uye tichishandisa matafura ari muAppendikisi A, tine:

Kuziva iyo chaiyo vhoriyamu yemhute panguva yekuyerera (P1, T1) yakaenzana ne0,01634 m^3/kg (0,0009498 m^3/g-mole), tinogona zvakare kuverenga Z kubva kune:

Tichifunga nezve chiyero cheiyo chaiyo inopisa pakumanikidza uye vhoriyamu, panguva yekubuda mamiriro (P₁, T₁), yakaenzana ne1,36, kubva paformula [3] tine:

147060

Kushandisa fomula [1], nekuverenga kweyero yekuyerera

Kushandisa formula [1], iyo yakagadziriswa kuverengwa kwehuwandu hwekuyerera, tine discharge flow rate value ye 147.060 makirogiramu / h.

174848

Kushandisa fomula [1], uchishandisa kukosha kweCp/Cv pa1 atm uye 20 °C

Dai isu takashandisa kukosha kweCp/Cv pa1 atm uye 20 °C, tingadai takave k = zana uye kubva formula [1] chiyero chekuyerera kwe 174.848 makirogiramu / h.

Izvi zvingadai zvakatitungamirira overestimate kubuda kugona kwevharuvhu yekudzivirira nekutenderera 19%

YAMBIRO:

Iko kukanganisa kunogona kuitwa nekupa kukosha Cp/Cv kune k inogona kunge yakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura mumuenzaniso uyu.

ZVIMWE 20%

Kupa pfungwa, tafura inotevera inoratidza kuyerera kwe18-mm orifice kune mamwe mahydrocarbon akazara, akaverengerwa mumakesi maviri. Iwo maverengero akaitwa neakanyanya developed Software.

Fluid	P1 (bar)	T1 (°C)	q' (kg/h)	q (kg/h)	(q'/q) x 100
Methane	12	50	1472	1466	100.4
Methane	23	200	2314	2267	102.1
Propane	12	100	2261	2181	103.7
Hexane	12	178	3099	2740	113.1
Hexane	23	220	6519	5111	127.5
Heptane	12	215	3232	2821	114.4

Iyo software haishandisi mafomula [4] [5] asi, kutanga kubva pane yakagadziridzwa Redlich uye Kwong equation yenyika, inoverenga kukosha kweiyo isoentropic exponent uchishandisa thermodynamic correlations.

Kukosha kweisoentropic exponent k kune mavharuvhu ekuchengetedza

k = isoentropic exponent

Kukosha kwe k nokuda kwevhavhavhavha

rakanyorwa naAlessandro Ruzza

by Rentato Pintabona uye Panio Colacicco

Ichi chinyorwa chinopa mamwe mazano ekufungidzira kukosha kwe k kune magasi chaiwo uye
inosimbisa chikanganiso nekufunga k yakaenzana nereshiyo yekupisa chaiko Cp/Cv

Isoentropic kubuda kuburikidza nemuromo

q'= mwero wekuyerera wakaverengerwa ne k = Cp/Cv (20 °C, 1 atm)
q = chiyero chekuyerera chakaverengerwa ne k = (Cp/Cv) • (Z/Zp)

Muenzaniso wenhamba

147060

Kushandisa formula [1], iyo yakagadziriswa kuverengwa kwehuwandu hwekuyerera, tine discharge flow rate value ye 147.060 makirogiramu / h.

174848

Dai isu takashandisa kukosha kweCp/Cv pa1 atm uye 20 °C, tingadai takave k = zana uye kubva formula [1] chiyero chekuyerera kwe 174.848 makirogiramu / h.

Izvi zvingadai zvakatitungamirira overestimate kubuda kugona kwevharuvhu yekudzivirira nekutenderera 19%

YAMBIRO:

Iko kukanganisa kunogona kuitwa nekupa kukosha Cp/Cv kune k inogona kunge yakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura mumuenzaniso uyu.

ZVIMWE 20%

Appendikisi A uye B
kuwanikwa kwemafomula

Partner

Kukosha kweisoentropic exponent k kune mavharuvhu ekuchengetedza

k = isoentropic exponent

Kukosha kwe k nokuda kwevhavhavhavha

rakanyorwa naAlessandro Ruzza

by Rentato Pintabona uye Panio Colacicco

Ichi chinyorwa chinopa mamwe mazano ekufungidzira kukosha kwe k kune magasi chaiwo uye inosimbisa chikanganiso nekufunga k yakaenzana nereshiyo yekupisa chaiko Cp/Cv

Isoentropic kubuda kuburikidza nemuromo

q'= mwero wekuyerera wakaverengerwa ne k = Cp/Cv (20 °C, 1 atm) q = chiyero chekuyerera chakaverengerwa ne k = (Cp/Cv) • (Z/Zp)

Muenzaniso wenhamba

147060

Kushandisa formula [1], iyo yakagadziriswa kuverengwa kwehuwandu hwekuyerera, tine discharge flow rate value ye 147.060 makirogiramu / h.

174848

Dai isu takashandisa kukosha kweCp/Cv pa1 atm uye 20 °C, tingadai takave k = zana uye kubva formula [1] chiyero chekuyerera kwe 174.848 makirogiramu / h.

Izvi zvingadai zvakatitungamirira overestimate kubuda kugona kwevharuvhu yekudzivirira nekutenderera 19%

YAMBIRO:

Iko kukanganisa kunogona kuitwa nekupa kukosha Cp/Cv kune k inogona kunge yakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura mumuenzaniso uyu.

ZVIMWE 20%

Appendikisi A uye B kuwanikwa kwemafomula

Yakakurudzirwa Kwawe

Kuchengetedza Mavharuvhu eHydrogen Applications

Chii chinonzi vharafu yekuchengetedza?

Mitemo uye tsananguro

Partner

Ichi chinyorwa chinopa mamwe mazano ekufungidzira kukosha kwe k kune magasi chaiwo uye
inosimbisa chikanganiso nekufunga k yakaenzana nereshiyo yekupisa chaiko Cp/Cv

q'= mwero wekuyerera wakaverengerwa ne k = Cp/Cv (20 °C, 1 atm)
q = chiyero chekuyerera chakaverengerwa ne k = (Cp/Cv) • (Z/Zp)

Appendikisi A uye B
kuwanikwa kwemafomula