O le viscosity o se vai o le fua lea o lona tetee i le tafe.
Ose meatotino o le sua e iloa ai le aofaʻi o le malosi e manaʻomia e gaoioi ai. O le maualuga o le viscosity, o le tele o le malosi e manaʻomia e faʻanofo ai le sua.
O le viscosity o se vai e aafia i lona vevela. O le mafanafana o le sua, o le maualalo foi lea o lona viscosity. O le malulu o le vai, o le maualuga foi lea o lona viscosity.
O le viscosity o se vai e aafia foi i lona mamafa. O le maualuga o le mamafa, o le maualuga foi lea o le viscosity o le sua.
E mafai ona fuaina le viscosity o se vai i se viscometer. O le viscometer o se masini e fua ai le tetee o se vai e tafe. O le viscosity o se vai o se mea taua i le tele o faʻaoga. Mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, e mafai ona faʻaaogaina le viscosity o se vai fuafua le tele o le malosi e mana'omia e fa'aoso ai i totonu o se paipa.
Viscosity i le fisiki o se tasi lea o meatotino o le mea lea e fetaui ai le gaioiina o molelaʻau e faʻatatau i molelaʻau lata ane, ona o malosiaga intermolecular, o se malosi faʻasaʻo: i totonu o solids e sili ona maualuga, ae maualalo i vai ma kasa. Afai tatou te faatofuina se tino ese i totonu o le vai o loʻo iloiloina, o le a feagai ma se teteʻe o lona malosi e fesuisuiaʻi e faʻatatau i le maualuga o le viscosity o le sua.
Molasses, mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, e maualuga atu le viscosity nai lo le vai aua e sili atu ona tetee i le tafe.
E tele metotia e mafai e se tasi ona fa'aoga e fua ai le viscosity o se vai, o le sili ona faigofie ma sili ona sa'o o le tu'uina lea o se polo o le lautele i totonu o se atigipusa manino o loʻo i ai le sua o loʻo taumafai e fuafua le viscosity.
FAAMATALAGA: o le fa'atusatusaga o le viscosity e ta'ua o le vai, o se fua o le lamolemole.
Viscosity o se mea taua i le fuafuaina o malosiaga e tatau ona manumalo pe a faʻaaogaina vai mo le lubrication ma felauaiga i paipa. O lea o le a taua mo i tatou i lalostand o le a le ituaiga vai le Besa® valve o le a galue i ai, ona o le fete'ena'iga i le va o puipui o se paipa ma le vai o lo'o tafe i totonu e a'afia ai le fa'aogaina o le alatoto.
E pulea le tafe o le vai i totonu processe pei o le fa'asalaina, tui tui ma le ufiufi o luga.
Viscositas malosi
Seʻi o tatou iloiloina ni vaalele se lua, e tuueseese e se vai (pulea le vevela) ma e tutusa ma eaco le isi, o le tasi tulaga ae o le isi e o'o i se malosi e tulei/toso tutusa ai ma le isi vaalele.
Faʻalagolago i le vai tatou te faʻaogaina e vavae ese ai vaalele e lua, ma faʻaaoga pea le malosi e tasi e faʻagaoioi ai se tasi o vaalele e lua, o le a tatou iloa ai e eseese le saoasaoa o le vaalele e faʻatatau i le sua na tatou filifilia.
Fa'atosina o lo'o i ai a matou:
A (m^2)= vaega o vaalele tutusa
y (m)= mamao i le va o vaalele e lua
F (N) = malosi e faʻatatau i le vaalele feʻaveaʻi
u (m/s^2)= saoasaoa o le vaalele fealuai
τ = malosi fa'atasi
O le malosi faʻatasi o le a faʻatusatusa i le mamao i le va o vaalele e lua ma faʻatusatusa saʻo i le saoasaoa.
O le fa'aofiina o le upu saoasaoa e fa'alavelaveina ai mea, aua na'o le fa'ata'ita'iga o le fesuiaiga i le laina laina saosaoa.
Iunite o fua
I le faiga faava o malo e fuaina le viscosity i pascals (Pa s) lea e tutusa ma se poiseuille (PI), o nisi taimi mo suauu lubricating o loʻo faʻaogaina foi le CGS system, ie centipoise (cP)
1 Pa s = 1 PI
1 cP = 1 mPI
Kinematic Viscosity: 1 cSt (centiStokes) = 10-6 m2/s
| Liva | Vevela (ºF) | Vevela (ºC) | Kinematic Viscosity CentiStokes (cSt) | Kinematic Viscosity Sekona Saybolt Universal (SSU) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acetaldehyde CH3CHO | 61 | 16.1 | 0.305 | 36 |
| Acetaldehyde CH3CHO | 68 | 20 | 0.295 | |
| Acetic acid - vineka - 10% CH3COOH | 59 | 15 | 1.35 | 31.7 |
| Acetic acid - 50% | 59 | 15 | 2.27 | 33 |
| Acetic acid - 80% | 59 | 15 | 2.85 | 35 |
| Acetic acid - fa'ato'a fa'atosina | 59 | 15 | 1.34 | 31.7 |
| Acetic acid anhydride (CH3COO)2O | 59 | 15 | 0.88 | |
| Acetone CH3COCH3 | 68 | 20 | 0.41 | |
| Ava malosi - allyl | 68 | 20 | 1.60 | 31.8 |
| Ava malosi - allyl | 104 | 40 | 0.90 lesitala | |
| 'Ava - butyl-n | 68 | 20 | 3.64 | 38 |
| 'Ava - ethyl (saito) C2H5OH | 68 | 20 | 1.52 | 31.7 |
| 'Ava - ethyl (saito) C2H5OH | 100 | 37.8 | 1.2 | 31.5 |
| 'Ava - methyl (fafie) CH3OH | 59 | 15 | 0.74 | |
| 'Ava - methyl (fafie) CH3OH | 32 | 0 | 1.04 | |
| Ava malosi - propyl | 68 | 20 | 2.8 | 35 |
| Ava malosi - propyl | 122 | 50 | 1.4 | 31.7 |
| Aluminium sulfate - 36% fofo | 68 | 20 | 1.41 | 31.7 |
| Amonia | 0 | -17.8 | 0.30 | |
| aniline | 68 | 20 | 4.37 | 40 |
| aniline | 50 | 10 | 6.4 | 46.4 |
| Asphalt RC-0, MC-0, SC-0 | 77 | 25 | 159-324 | 737-1.5M |
| Asphalt RC-0, MC-0, SC-0 | 100 | 37.8 | 60-108 | 280-500 |
| Suau'u fa'ato'a fa'atosina | 0 | -17.8 | 1295-maualuga | 6M-silisili |
| SAE 10W | ||||
| Suau'u fa'ato'a fa'atosina | 0 | -17.8 | 1295-2590 | 6M-12M |
| SAE 10W | ||||
| Suau'u fa'ato'a fa'atosina | 0 | -17.8 | 2590-10350 | 12M-48M |
| SAE 20W | ||||
| Suau'u fa'ato'a fa'atosina | 210 | 98.9 | 5.7-9.6 | 45-58 |
| SAE 20 | ||||
| Suau'u fa'ato'a fa'atosina | 210 | 98.9 | 9.6-12.9 | 58-70 |
| SAE 30 | ||||
| Suau'u fa'ato'a fa'atosina | 210 | 98.9 | 12.9-16.8 | 70-85 |
| SAE 40 | ||||
| Suau'u fa'ato'a fa'atosina | 210 | 98.9 | 16.8-22.7 | 85-110 |
| SAE 50 | ||||
| Suau'u ta'avale ta'avale | 210 | 98.9 | 4.2 min | 40 min |
| SAE 75W | ||||
| Suau'u ta'avale ta'avale | 210 | 98.9 | 7.0 min | 49 min |
| SAE 80W | ||||
| Suau'u ta'avale ta'avale | 210 | 98.9 | 11.0 min | 63 min |
| SAE 85W | ||||
| Suau'u ta'avale ta'avale | 210 | 98.9 | 14-25 | 74-120 |
| SAE 90W | ||||
| Suau'u ta'avale ta'avale | 210 | 98.9 | 25-43 | 120-200 |
| SAE 140 | ||||
| Suau'u ta'avale ta'avale | 210 | 98.9 | 43 - min | 200 min |
| SAE150 | ||||
| pia | 68 | 20 | 1.8 | 32 |
| Benzene (Benzol) C6H6 | 32 | 0 | 1.0 | 31 |
| Benzene (Benzol) C6H6 | 68 | 20 | 0.74 | |
| Suau'u ivi | 130 | 54.4 | 47.5 | 220 |
| Suau'u ivi | 212 | 100 | 11.6 | 65 |
| Bromine | 68 | 20 | 0.34 | |
| Butane-n | -50 | -1.1 | 0.52 | |
| Butane-n | 30 | 0.35 | ||
| Butyric acid n | 68 | 20 | 1.61 | 31.6 |
| Butyric acid n | 32 | 0 | 2.3 lesitala | |
| Calcium chloride 5% | 65 | 18.3 | 1156 | |
| Calcium chloride 25% | 60 | 15.6 | 4.0 | 39 |
| Su'ega karbolic (phenol) | 65 | 18.3 | 11.83 | 65 |
| Su'ega karbolic (phenol) | 194 | 90 | 1.26 lesitala | |
| Carbon tetrachloride CCl4 | 68 | 20 | 0.612 | |
| Carbon tetrachloride CCl4 | 100 | 37.8 | 0.53 | |
| Carbon disulfide CS2 | 32 | 0 | 0.33 | |
| Carbon disulfide CS2 | 68 | 20 | 0.298 | |
| Suauʻu Castor | 100 | 37.8 | 259-325 | 1200-1500 |
| Suauʻu Castor | 130 | 54.4 | 98-130 | 450-600 |
| Suauu laupapa Saina | 69 | 20.6 | 308.5 | 1425 |
| Suauu laupapa Saina | 100 | 37.8 | 125.5 | 580 |
| Chloroform | 68 | 20 | 0.38 | |
| Chloroform | 140 | 60 | 0.35 | |
| Poli popo | 100 | 37.8 | 29.8-31.6 | 140-148 |
| Poli popo | 130 | 54.4 | 14.7-15.7 | 76-80 |
| Suauu Cod (suau'u i'a) | 100 | 37.8 | 32.1 | 150 |
| Suauu Cod (suau'u i'a) | 130 | 54.4 | 19.4 | 95 |
| Suauʻu sana | 130 | 54.4 | 28.7 | 135 |
| Suauʻu sana | 212 | 100 | 8.6 | 54 |
| Fofo o le masoa o sana | 70 | 21.1 | 32.1 | 150 |
| 22 Baume | 100 | 37.8 | 27.5 | 130 |
| Fofo o le masoa o sana | 70 | 21.1 | 129.8 | 600 |
| 24 Baume | 100 | 37.8 | 95.2 | 440 |
| Fofo o le masoa o sana | 70 | 21.1 | 303 | 1400 |
| 25 Baume | 100 | 37.8 | 173.2 | 800 |
| Suau'u fatu fatu | 100 | 37.8 | 37.9 | 176 |
| Suau'u fatu fatu | 130 | 54.4 | 20.6 | 100 |
| Suau'u mama 48º API | 60 | 15.6 | 3.8 | 39 |
| Suau'u mama 48º API | 130 | 54.4 | 1.6 | 31.8 |
| Suau'u mama 40º API | 60 | 15.6 | 9.7 | 55.7 |
| Suau'u mama 40º API | 130 | 54.4 | 3.5 | 38 |
| Suau'u mama 35.6º API | 60 | 15.6 | 17.8 | 88.4 |
| Suau'u mama 35.6º API | 130 | 54.4 | 4.9 | 42.3 |
| Suau'u mama 32.6º API | 60 | 15.6 | 23.2 | 110 |
| Suau'u mama 32.6º API | 130 | 54.4 | 7.1 | 46.8 |
| Decane-n | 0 | 17.8 | 2.36 | 34 |
| Decane-n | 100 | 37.8 | 1001 | 31 |
| Diethyl glycol | 70 | 21.1 | 32 | 149.7 |
| Diethyl eteru | 68 | 20 | 0.32 | |
| Suau'u tiso 20 | 100 | 37.8 | 44714 | 32.6-45.5 |
| Suau'u tiso 20 | 130 | 54.4 | 1.-3.97 | -39 |
| Suau'u tiso 30 | 100 | 37.8 | 6-11.75 | 45.5-65 |
| Suau'u tiso 30 | 130 | 54.4 | 3.97-6.78 | 39-48 |
| Suau'u tiso 40 | 100 | 37.8 | 29.8 max | 140 max |
| Suau'u tiso 40 | 130 | 54.4 | 13.1 max | 70 max |
| Suau'u tiso 60 | 122 | 50 | 86.6 max | 400 max |
| Suau'u tiso 60 | 160 | 71.1 | 35.2 max | 165 max |
| Ethyl acetate CH3COOC2H3 | 59 | 15 | 0.4 | |
| Ethyl acetate CH3COOC2H3 | 68 | 20 | 0.49 | |
| Ethyl bromide C2H5Br | 68 | 20 | 0.27 | |
| Ethylene bromide | 68 | 20 | 0.787 | |
| Ethylene chloride | 68 | 20 | 0.668 | |
| Etilena glycol | 70 | 21.1 | 17.8 | 88.4 |
| fuala'au fuala'au 10% | 68 | 20 | 1.04 | 31 |
| fuala'au fuala'au 50% | 68 | 20 | 1.2 | 31.5 |
| fuala'au fuala'au 80% | 68 | 20 | 1.4 | 31.7 |
| Fomic acid concentrated | 68 | 20 | 1.48 | 31.7 |
| Fomic acid concentrated | 77 | 25 | 1.57cp | |
| Freon -11 | 70 | 21.1 | 0.21 | |
| Freon -12 | 70 | 21.1 | 0.27 | |
| Freon -21 | 70 | 21.1 | 1.45 | |
| furaldehyde | 68 | 20 | 1.45 | 31.7 |
| furaldehyde | 77 | 25 | 1.49cp | |
| Suau'u suauu 1 | 70 | 21.1 | 2.39-4.28 | 34-40 |
| Suau'u suauu 1 | 100 | 37.8 | -2.69 | 32-35 |
| Suau'u suauu 2 | 70 | 21.1 | 3.0-7.4 | 36-50 |
| Suau'u suauu 2 | 100 | 37.8 | 2.11-4.28 | 33-40 |
| Suau'u suauu 3 | 70 | 21.1 | 2.69-5.84 | 35-45 |
| Suau'u suauu 3 | 100 | 37.8 | 2.06-3.97 | 32.8-39 |
| Suau'u suauu 5A | 70 | 21.1 | 7.4-26.4 | 50-125 |
| Suau'u suauu 5A | 100 | 37.8 | 4.91-13.7 | 42-72 |
| Suau'u suauu 5B | 70 | 21.1 | 26.4- | 125- |
| Suau'u suauu 5B | 100 | 37.8 | 13.6-67.1 | 72-310 |
| Suau'u suauu 6 | 122 | 50 | 97.4-660 | 450-3M |
| Suau'u suauu 6 | 160 | 71.1 | 37.5-172 | 175-780 |
| Suau'u kesi | 70 | 21.1 | 13.9 | 73 |
| Suau'u kesi | 100 | 37.8 | 7.4 | 50 |
| Gasolini a | 60 | 15.6 | 0.88 | |
| Gasolini a | 100 | 37.8 | 0.71 | |
| Gasolini b | 60 | 15.6 | 0.64 | |
| Gasolini b | 100 | 37.8 | ||
| Gasolini c | 60 | 15.6 | 0.46 | |
| Gasolini c | 100 | 37.8 | 0.40 | |
| Glycerin 100% | 68.6 | 20.3 | 648 | 2950 |
| Glycerin 100% | 100 | 37.8 | 176 | 813 |
| Glycerin 50% vai | 68 | 20 | 5.29 | 43 |
| Glycerin 50% vai | 140 | 60 | 1.85 lesitala | |
| Glucose | 100 | 37.8 | 7.7M-22M | 35M-100M |
| Glucose | 150 | 65.6 | 880-2420 | 4M-11M |
| Heptanes-n | 0 | -17.8 | 0.928 | |
| Heptanes-n | 100 | 37.8 | 0.511 | |
| Hexane-n | 0 | -17.8 | 0.683 | |
| Hexane-n | 100 | 37.8 | 0.401 | |
| Meli | 100 | 37.8 | 73.6 | 349 |
| Vaitusi, lomitusi | 100 | 37.8 | 550-2200 | 2500-10M |
| Vaitusi, lomitusi | 130 | 54.4 | 238-660 | 1100-3M |
| Suau'u fa'amama | 70 | 21.1 | 24.1 max | 115 max |
| Suau'u fa'amama | 100 | 37.8 | 11.75 max | 65 max |
| kerosene | 68 | 20 | 2.71 | 35 |
| Suauu vaalele | -30. | -34.4 | 7.9 | 52 |
| Lard | 100 | 37.8 | 62.1 | 287 |
| Lard | 130 | 54.4 | 34.3 | 160 |
| Suau'u ga'o | 100 | 37.8 | 41-47.5 | 190-220 |
| Suau'u ga'o | 130 | 54.4 | 23.4-27.1 | 112-128 |
| Suauʻu suauu | 100 | 37.8 | 30.5 | 143 |
| Suauʻu suauu | 130 | 54.4 | 18.94 | 93 |
| Mercury | 70 | 21.1 | 0.118 | |
| Mercury | 100 | 37.8 | 0.11 | |
| Methyl acetate | 68 | 20 | 0.44 | |
| Methyl acetate | 104 | 40 | 0.32 lesitala | |
| Methyl iodide | 68 | 20 | 0.213 | |
| Methyl iodide | 104 | 40 | 0.42 lesitala | |
| Menhaden suauu | 100 | 37.8 | 29.8 | 140 |
| Menhaden suauu | 130 | 54.4 | 18.2 | 90 |
| Miliki | 68 | 20 | 1.13 | 31.5 |
| Molasses A, muamua | 100 | 37.8 | 281-5070 | 1300-23500 |
| Molasses A, muamua | 130 | 54.4 | 151-1760 | 700-8160 |
| B, lona lua | 100 | 37.8 | 1410-13.2M | 6535-61180 |
| B, lona lua | 130 | 54.4 | 660-3.3M | 3058-15294 |
| C, fusiuli | 100 | 37.8 | 2630-55M | 12190-255M |
| C, fusiuli | 130 | 54.4 | 1320-16.5M | 6120-76.5M |
| Naftalena | 176 | 80 | 0.9 | |
| Naftalena | 212 | 100 | 0.78 lesitala | |
| Suau'u Neatstool | 100 | 37.8 | 49.7 | 230 |
| Suau'u Neatstool | 130 | 54.4 | 27.5 | 130 |
| Nitrobenzene | 68 | 20 | 1.67 | 31.8 |
| Nonane-n | 0 | -17.8 | 1728 | 32 |
| Nonane-n | 100 | 37.8 | 0.807 | |
| Octane-n | 0 | -17.8 | 1266 | 31.7 |
| Octane-n | 100 | 37.8 | 0.645 | |
| Olive olive | 100 | 37.8 | 43.2 | 200 |
| Olive olive | 130 | 54.4 | 24.1 | |
| Suauu pama | 100 | 37.8 | 47.8 | |
| Suauu pama | 130 | 54.4 | 26.4 | |
| Paʻu suauu | 100 | 37.8 | 42 | 200 |
| Paʻu suauu | 130 | 54.4 | 23.4 | |
| Pentane-n | 0 | 17.8 | 0.508 | |
| Pentane-n | 80 | 26.7 | 0.342 | |
| petrolatum | 130 | 54.4 | 20.5 | 100 |
| petrolatum | 160 | 71.1 | 15 | 77 |
| Suauu eteru | 60 | 15.6 | 31(tau) | 1.1 |
| Faʻasologa oona | 32 | 0 | 1.52 lesitala | 31.5 |
| Faʻasologa oona | 68 | 20 | 1.13 | |
| propylene glycol | 70 | 21.1 | 52 | 241 |
| Suauu tineia | 100-120 | 20.5-25 | ||
| Laʻu suauʻu | 100 | 37.8 | 54.1 | 250 |
| Laʻu suauʻu | 130 | 54.4 | 31 | 145 |
| Suauu rosin | 100 | 37.8 | 324.7 | 1500 |
| Suauu rosin | 130 | 54.4 | 129.9 | 600 |
| Rosin (laau) | 100 | 37.8 | 216-11M | 1M-50M |
| Rosin (laau) | 200 | 93.3 | 108-4400 | 500-20M |
| Suauʻu fatu Sesame | 100 | 37.8 | 39.6 | 184 |
| Suauʻu fatu Sesame | 130 | 54.4 | 23 | 110 |
| Sodium chloride 5% | 68 | 20 | 1097 | 31.1 |
| Sodium chloride 25% | 60 | 15.6 | 2.4 | 34 |
| Sodium hydroxide (suasaa) 20% | 65 | 18.3 | 4.0 | 39.4 |
| Sodium hydroxide (suasaa) 30% | 65 | 18.3 | 10.0 | 58.1 |
| Sodium hydroxide (suasaa) 40% | 65 | 18.3 | ||
| Suauʻu pi pi | 100 | 37.8 | 35.4 | 165 |
| Suauʻu pi pi | 130 | 5.4 | 19.64 | 96 |
| Suau'u toto | 100 | 37.5 | 21-23 | 110 |
| Suau'u toto | 130 | 54.4 | 15.2 | 78 |
| Sulfuric acid 100% | 68 | 20 | 14.56 | 76 |
| Sulfuric acid 100% | 140 | 60 | 7.2 lesitala | |
| Sulfuric acid 95% | 68 | 20 | 14.5 | 75 |
| Sulfuric acid 60% | 68 | 20 | 4.4 | 41 |
| Sulfuric acid 20% | 3M-8M | |||
| Sulfuric acid 20% | 650-1400 | |||
| Ta, umu koko | 70 | 21.1 | 600-1760 | 15M-300M |
| Ta, umu koko | 100 | 37.8 | 141-308 | 2M-20M |
| Ta, fale kesi | 70 | 21.1 | 3300-66M | 2500 |
| Ta, fale kesi | 100 | 37.8 | 440-4400 | 500 |
| Ta, paina | 100 | 37.8 | 559 | 200-300 |
| Ta, paina | 132 | 55.6 | 108.2 | 55-60 |
| Toluene | 68 | 20 | 0.68 | 185.7 |
| Toluene | 140 | 60 | 0.38 lesitala | |
| Triethylene glycol | 70 | 21.1 | 40 | 400-440 |
| Triethylene glycol | 185-205 | |||
| Turpentine | 100 | 37.8 | 86.5-95.2 | 1425 |
| Turpentine | 130 | 54.4 | 39.9-44.3 | 650 |
| Varnish, spar | 68 | 20 | 313 | |
| Varnish, spar | 100 | 37.8 | 143 | |
| Vai, faʻasili | 68 | 20 | 10038 | 31 |
| Vai, fou | 60 | 15.6 | 1.13 | 31.5 |
| Vai, fou | 130 | 54.4 | 0.55 | |
| Vai, sami | 1.15 | 31.5 | ||
| Suauu tafola | 100 | 37.8 | 35-39.6 | 163-184 |
| Suauu tafola | 130 | 54.4 | 19.9-23.4 | 97-112 |
| Xylene-o | 68 | 20 | 0.93 | |
| Xylene-o | 104 | 40 | 0.623 lesitala |
