Viscositas fluidi mensura est eius resistentia influunt.
Proprietas fluidi est qui determinat quantitatem virium ad ipsum movendum requisiti. Quanto viscositas, eo magis requiritur vis ad movendum fluidum.
Viscositas fluidi ab eius temperie afficitur. fluidum calidior est, viscositas inferior. Frigidior humor, viscositas altior.
Viscositas fluidi etiam sua pressione afficitur. Superior pressio, superior viscositas fluidi.
Viscositas fluidi metiri potest viscometro. Viscometer est fabrica quae resistentiam fluidi fluere mensurat. Viscositas fluidi magna proprietas est in multis applicationibus. Exempli gratia, viscositas fluidi adhiberi potest determinare quantitatem virtutis per fistulam movere.
Viscositas in physicis est una ex proprietatibus materiae, quibus molecularum motus respectu moleculorum circumjacentium congressuum, ex viribus intermolecularibus, vis resistens: in solidis summa est, in humoribus et vaporibus infima. Si corpus alienum in fluido considerato immerserimus, resistendum erit, cuius vires secundum fluidi gradum viscositatis variat.
Molasses, exempli gratia, altiorem viscositatem quam aquam, eo quod magis resistat fluere.
Plures modi viscositatem fluidi metiri possunt, facillime et rectissime ente demittere sphaeram cuiusdam diametri in diaphanum continentem continentem fluidi, cujus viscositas quis determinare conatur.
ANIMADVERSIO: Viscositas reciproca fluiditas dicitur, mensura lenitatis.
Viscositas magni momenti est in determinandis viribus quae superare debent cum liquores ad lubricationem adhibentur et in tibiis transportantur. Magna igitur erit nobis subessestand quod genus fluidi Besa® valvae operabitur, ut attritio inter fistulae parietes et fluidum perfluens valvae missionem effectus afficit.
Fluidum in fluere controls processut es- spargit, iniectio corona et superficies efficiens.
Dynamic viscositas
Consideremus duo plana, fluido (temperatus moderato) separata et parallela each altera, una stationaria, altera vi subiecta, plano alteri parallelam pellat.
Secundum fluidum utimur ad duo plana separanda, semperque eandem vim applicando ad movendum unum e duobus planis, inveniemus velocitatem plani variare secundum fluidum quem elegerimus.
Generaliter habemus;
A (m^2) = area planorum parallelorum
y (m) = distantia duorum planorum
F (N) = vis applicata ad planum movens
u (m / s^ II) = velocitas planum movens
τ = vis tangentialis
Vis tangentialis erit reciproce proportionalis distantiae duorum planorum et celeritati directe proportionalis.
Velocitatis terminum res implicat, quia solum theoretice est variatio in velocitate lineari.
De actibus modum
In systemate internationali viscositas mensuratur pascals (Pa s) qui aequipollet poiseuille (PI), interdum etiam ratio CGS in unguentis lubricandi usurpatur, centipoisis ie (cP).
1 Pa s = 1 PI
1 cP = 1 mPI
Viscositas Kinematica: 1 cSt (centiStokes) = 10-6 m2/s
| Liquid | Temperatus (ºF) | Temperatus (ºC) | Viscositas Kinematic CentiStokes (cSt) | Viscositas Kinematic Seconds Saybolt Universal (SSU) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acetaldehyde CH3CHO | 61 | 16.1 | 0.305 | 36 |
| Acetaldehyde CH3CHO | 68 | 20 | 0.295 | |
| Acidum acetum - 10% CH3COOH | 59 | 15 | 1.35 | 31.7 |
| Acidum aceticum - 50% | 59 | 15 | 2.27 | 33 |
| Acidum aceticum - 80% | 59 | 15 | 2.85 | 35 |
| Acidum aceticum glaciale concentratum | 59 | 15 | 1.34 | 31.7 |
| Acidum aceticum anhydride (CH3COO)2O | 59 | 15 | 0.88 | |
| Acetone CH3COCH3 | 68 | 20 | 0.41 | |
| Sin - allyl | 68 | 20 | 1.60 | 31.8 |
| Sin - allyl | 104 | 40 | 0.90 cf. | |
| Sin - butyl-n | 68 | 20 | 3.64 | 38 |
| Alcohol - ethyl (grani) C2H5OH | 68 | 20 | 1.52 | 31.7 |
| Alcohol - ethyl (grani) C2H5OH | 100 | 37.8 | 1.2 | 31.5 |
| Sin - yl (lignum) CH3OH | 59 | 15 | 0.74 | |
| Sin - yl (lignum) CH3OH | 32 | 0 | 1.04 | |
| Sin - propyl | 68 | 20 | 2.8 | 35 |
| Sin - propyl | 122 | 50 | 1.4 | 31.7 |
| Aluminium sulfate - 36% solution | 68 | 20 | 1.41 | 31.7 |
| ammonia | 0 | -17.8 | 0.30 | |
| aniline | 68 | 20 | 4.37 | 40 |
| aniline | 50 | 10 | 6.4 | 46.4 |
| Bitumen RC-0, MC-0, SC-0 | 77 | 25 | 159-324 | 737 1.5M, |
| Bitumen RC-0, MC-0, SC-0 | 100 | 37.8 | 60-108 | 280-500 |
| Lorem crankcase oleum | 0 | -17.8 | VI, max | 6M-max |
| SAE 10W | ||||
| Lorem crankcase oleum | 0 | -17.8 | 1295-2590 | 6M 12M, |
| SAE 10W | ||||
| Lorem crankcase oleum | 0 | -17.8 | 2590-10350 | 12M 48M, |
| SAE 20W | ||||
| Lorem crankcase oleum | 210 | 98.9 | 5.7-9.6 | 45-58 |
| L SAE | ||||
| Lorem crankcase oleum | 210 | 98.9 | 9.6-12.9 | 58-70 |
| L SAE | ||||
| Lorem crankcase oleum | 210 | 98.9 | 12.9-16.8 | 70-85 |
| L SAE | ||||
| Lorem crankcase oleum | 210 | 98.9 | 16.8-22.7 | 85-110 |
| L SAE | ||||
| Automotive calces oleum | 210 | 98.9 | min 4.2 | min 40 |
| SAE 75W | ||||
| Automotive calces oleum | 210 | 98.9 | min 7.0 | min 49 |
| SAE 80W | ||||
| Automotive calces oleum | 210 | 98.9 | min 11.0 | min 63 |
| SAE 85W | ||||
| Automotive calces oleum | 210 | 98.9 | 14-25 | 74-120 |
| SAE 90W | ||||
| Automotive calces oleum | 210 | 98.9 | 25-43 | 120-200 |
| L SAE | ||||
| Automotive calces oleum | 210 | 98.9 | 43 - min | min 200 |
| SAE150 | ||||
| Bersabee | 68 | 20 | 1.8 | 32 |
| Benzene (Benzol) C6H6 | 32 | 0 | 1.0 | 31 |
| Benzene (Benzol) C6H6 | 68 | 20 | 0.74 | |
| Os oleum | 130 | 54.4 | 47.5 | 220 |
| Os oleum | 212 | 100 | 11.6 | 65 |
| bromine | 68 | 20 | 0.34 | |
| Butane-n | -50 | -1.1 | 0.52 | |
| Butane-n | 30 | 0.35 | ||
| Acidum butyricum n | 68 | 20 | 1.61 | 31.6 |
| Acidum butyricum n | 32 | 0 | 2.3 cf. | |
| Calcium chloridum 5% | 65 | 18.3 | 1156 | |
| Calcium chloridum 25% | 60 | 15.6 | 4.0 | 39 |
| Acidum carbolicum (phenol) | 65 | 18.3 | 11.83 | 65 |
| Acidum carbolicum (phenol) | 194 | 90 | 1.26 cf. | |
| Carbon tetrachloride CCl4 | 68 | 20 | 0.612 | |
| Carbon tetrachloride CCl4 | 100 | 37.8 | 0.53 | |
| Carbon disulfide CS2 | 32 | 0 | 0.33 | |
| Carbon disulfide CS2 | 68 | 20 | 0.298 | |
| Castor oil | 100 | 37.8 | 259-325 | 1200-1500 |
| Castor oil | 130 | 54.4 | 98-130 | 450-600 |
| Sina lignum oleum | 69 | 20.6 | 308.5 | 1425 |
| Sina lignum oleum | 100 | 37.8 | 125.5 | 580 |
| Chloroform | 68 | 20 | 0.38 | |
| Chloroform | 140 | 60 | 0.35 | |
| Cocoes oleum | 100 | 37.8 | 29.8-31.6 | 140-148 |
| Cocoes oleum | 130 | 54.4 | 14.7-15.7 | 76-80 |
| Cod oleum (piscis oleum) | 100 | 37.8 | 32.1 | 150 |
| Cod oleum (piscis oleum) | 130 | 54.4 | 19.4 | 95 |
| frumentum oleum | 130 | 54.4 | 28.7 | 135 |
| frumentum oleum | 212 | 100 | 8.6 | 54 |
| Frumentum amylum solutionis | 70 | 21.1 | 32.1 | 150 |
| 22 Baume | 100 | 37.8 | 27.5 | 130 |
| Frumentum amylum solutionis | 70 | 21.1 | 129.8 | 600 |
| 24 Baume | 100 | 37.8 | 95.2 | 440 |
| Frumentum amylum solutionis | 70 | 21.1 | 303 | 1400 |
| 25 Baume | 100 | 37.8 | 173.2 | 800 |
| Bombacio semen oleum | 100 | 37.8 | 37.9 | 176 |
| Bombacio semen oleum | 130 | 54.4 | 20.6 | 100 |
| Rudis oleum 48º API | 60 | 15.6 | 3.8 | 39 |
| Rudis oleum 48º API | 130 | 54.4 | 1.6 | 31.8 |
| Rudis oleum 40º API | 60 | 15.6 | 9.7 | 55.7 |
| Rudis oleum 40º API | 130 | 54.4 | 3.5 | 38 |
| Rudis oleum 35.6º API | 60 | 15.6 | 17.8 | 88.4 |
| Rudis oleum 35.6º API | 130 | 54.4 | 4.9 | 42.3 |
| Rudis oleum 32.6º API | 60 | 15.6 | 23.2 | 110 |
| Rudis oleum 32.6º API | 130 | 54.4 | 7.1 | 46.8 |
| Decanus-n | 0 | 17.8 | 2.36 | 34 |
| Decanus-n | 100 | 37.8 | 1001 | 31 |
| Diethyl glycol | 70 | 21.1 | 32 | 149.7 |
| aut diethyl | 68 | 20 | 0.32 | |
| Diesel cibus XX | 100 | 37.8 | 44714 | 32.6-45.5 |
| Diesel cibus XX | 130 | 54.4 | 1. 3.97, | -39 |
| Diesel cibus XX | 100 | 37.8 | 6-11.75 | 45.5-65 |
| Diesel cibus XX | 130 | 54.4 | 3.97-6.78 | 39-48 |
| Diesel cibus XX | 100 | 37.8 | max 29.8 | max 140 |
| Diesel cibus XX | 130 | 54.4 | max 13.1 | max 70 |
| Diesel cibus XX | 122 | 50 | max 86.6 | max 400 |
| Diesel cibus XX | 160 | 71.1 | max 35.2 | max 165 |
| Ethyl acetas CH3COOC2H3 | 59 | 15 | 0.4 | |
| Ethyl acetas CH3COOC2H3 | 68 | 20 | 0.49 | |
| Ethyl bromide C2H5Br | 68 | 20 | 0.27 | |
| Ethylene bromide | 68 | 20 | 0.787 | |
| Ethylene chloride | 68 | 20 | 0.668 | |
| ethylene glycol | 70 | 21.1 | 17.8 | 88.4 |
| Acidum formic X% | 68 | 20 | 1.04 | 31 |
| Acidum formic X% | 68 | 20 | 1.2 | 31.5 |
| Acidum formic X% | 68 | 20 | 1.4 | 31.7 |
| Acidum formic contractum | 68 | 20 | 1.48 | 31.7 |
| Acidum formic contractum | 77 | 25 | 1.57cp | |
| Freon -11 | 70 | 21.1 | 0.21 | |
| Freon -12 | 70 | 21.1 | 0.27 | |
| Freon -21 | 70 | 21.1 | 1.45 | |
| furaldehyde | 68 | 20 | 1.45 | 31.7 |
| furaldehyde | 77 | 25 | 1.49cp | |
| Cibus oleum 1 | 70 | 21.1 | 2.39-4.28 | 34-40 |
| Cibus oleum 1 | 100 | 37.8 | -2.69 | 32-35 |
| Cibus oleum 2 | 70 | 21.1 | 3.0-7.4 | 36-50 |
| Cibus oleum 2 | 100 | 37.8 | 2.11-4.28 | 33-40 |
| Cibus oleum 3 | 70 | 21.1 | 2.69-5.84 | 35-45 |
| Cibus oleum 3 | 100 | 37.8 | 2.06-3.97 | 32.8-39 |
| Cibus olei 5A | 70 | 21.1 | 7.4-26.4 | 50-125 |
| Cibus olei 5A | 100 | 37.8 | 4.91-13.7 | 42-72 |
| Cibus olei 5B | 70 | 21.1 | 26.4- | 125- |
| Cibus olei 5B | 100 | 37.8 | 13.6-67.1 | 72-310 |
| Cibus oleum 6 | 122 | 50 | 97.4-660 | 450 3M, |
| Cibus oleum 6 | 160 | 71.1 | 37.5-172 | 175-780 |
| Gas olea | 70 | 21.1 | 13.9 | 73 |
| Gas olea | 100 | 37.8 | 7.4 | 50 |
| Gasoline a | 60 | 15.6 | 0.88 | |
| Gasoline a | 100 | 37.8 | 0.71 | |
| Gasoline b | 60 | 15.6 | 0.64 | |
| Gasoline b | 100 | 37.8 | ||
| Gasoline c | 60 | 15.6 | 0.46 | |
| Gasoline c | 100 | 37.8 | 0.40 | |
| Glycerin 100% | 68.6 | 20.3 | 648 | 2950 |
| Glycerin 100% | 100 | 37.8 | 176 | 813 |
| Glycerin L% aqua | 68 | 20 | 5.29 | 43 |
| Glycerin L% aqua | 140 | 60 | 1.85 cf. | |
| strictum | 100 | 37.8 | 7.7M 22M, | 35M 100M, |
| strictum | 150 | 65.6 | 880-2420 | 4M 11M, |
| Heptanes-n | 0 | -17.8 | 0.928 | |
| Heptanes-n | 100 | 37.8 | 0.511 | |
| Hexane-n | 0 | -17.8 | 0.683 | |
| Hexane-n | 100 | 37.8 | 0.401 | |
| mel | 100 | 37.8 | 73.6 | 349 |
| Atramentum typographi | 100 | 37.8 | 550-2200 | 2500 10M, |
| Atramentum typographi | 130 | 54.4 | 238-660 | 1100 3M, |
| Insulating oleum | 70 | 21.1 | max 24.1 | max 115 |
| Insulating oleum | 100 | 37.8 | max 11.75 | max 65 |
| kerosene | 68 | 20 | 2.71 | 35 |
| jet fuel | -30. | -34.4 | 7.9 | 52 |
| adipi | 100 | 37.8 | 62.1 | 287 |
| adipi | 130 | 54.4 | 34.3 | 160 |
| Oleum adipis | 100 | 37.8 | 41-47.5 | 190-220 |
| Oleum adipis | 130 | 54.4 | 23.4-27.1 | 112-128 |
| Pone oleum | 100 | 37.8 | 30.5 | 143 |
| Pone oleum | 130 | 54.4 | 18.94 | 93 |
| Mercurius | 70 | 21.1 | 0.118 | |
| Mercurius | 100 | 37.8 | 0.11 | |
| Methyl acetate | 68 | 20 | 0.44 | |
| Methyl acetate | 104 | 40 | 0.32 cf. | |
| Methyl iodide | 68 | 20 | 0.213 | |
| Methyl iodide | 104 | 40 | 0.42 cf. | |
| Menhaden oleum | 100 | 37.8 | 29.8 | 140 |
| Menhaden oleum | 130 | 54.4 | 18.2 | 90 |
| Lac | 68 | 20 | 1.13 | 31.5 |
| Molasses A, first | 100 | 37.8 | 281-5070 | 1300-23500 |
| Molasses A, first | 130 | 54.4 | 151-1760 | 700-8160 |
| B, secundo | 100 | 37.8 | 1410 13.2M, | 6535-61180 |
| B, secundo | 130 | 54.4 | 660 3.3M, | 3058-15294 |
| C, blackstrap | 100 | 37.8 | 2630 55M, | 12190 255M, |
| C, blackstrap | 130 | 54.4 | 1320 16.5M, | 6120 76.5M, |
| naphthalene | 176 | 80 | 0.9 | |
| naphthalene | 212 | 100 | 0.78 cf. | |
| Neatstool oleum | 100 | 37.8 | 49.7 | 230 |
| Neatstool oleum | 130 | 54.4 | 27.5 | 130 |
| Nitrobenzene | 68 | 20 | 1.67 | 31.8 |
| Nonane-n | 0 | -17.8 | 1728 | 32 |
| Nonane-n | 100 | 37.8 | 0.807 | |
| Octa-n | 0 | -17.8 | 1266 | 31.7 |
| Octa-n | 100 | 37.8 | 0.645 | |
| Oleum de arboribus olivarum | 100 | 37.8 | 43.2 | 200 |
| Oleum de arboribus olivarum | 130 | 54.4 | 24.1 | |
| Palmarum oleum | 100 | 37.8 | 47.8 | |
| Palmarum oleum | 130 | 54.4 | 26.4 | |
| eros oleum | 100 | 37.8 | 42 | 200 |
| eros oleum | 130 | 54.4 | 23.4 | |
| Pentane-n | 0 | 17.8 | 0.508 | |
| Pentane-n | 80 | 26.7 | 0.342 | |
| petrolatum | 130 | 54.4 | 20.5 | 100 |
| petrolatum | 160 | 71.1 | 15 | 77 |
| Petroleum aethereum | 60 | 15.6 | 31(est) | 1.1 |
| Acidum propionicum | 32 | 0 | 1.52 cf. | 31.5 |
| Acidum propionicum | 68 | 20 | 1.13 | |
| glycol propylene | 70 | 21.1 | 52 | 241 |
| restinguere oleum | 100-120 | 20.5-25 | ||
| rapeseed oleum | 100 | 37.8 | 54.1 | 250 |
| rapeseed oleum | 130 | 54.4 | 31 | 145 |
| Rosinum oleum | 100 | 37.8 | 324.7 | 1500 |
| Rosinum oleum | 130 | 54.4 | 129.9 | 600 |
| Rosin (lignum) | 100 | 37.8 | 216 11M, | 1M 50M, |
| Rosin (lignum) | 200 | 93.3 | 108-4400 | 500 20M, |
| Semen sesamae oleum | 100 | 37.8 | 39.6 | 184 |
| Semen sesamae oleum | 130 | 54.4 | 23 | 110 |
| Sodium chloride 5% | 68 | 20 | 1097 | 31.1 |
| Sodium chloride 25% | 60 | 15.6 | 2.4 | 34 |
| Sodium hydroxidum 20% | 65 | 18.3 | 4.0 | 39.4 |
| Sodium hydroxidum 30% | 65 | 18.3 | 10.0 | 58.1 |
| Sodium hydroxidum 40% | 65 | 18.3 | ||
| Soya faba oleum | 100 | 37.8 | 35.4 | 165 |
| Soya faba oleum | 130 | 5.4 | 19.64 | 96 |
| Sperma oleum | 100 | 37.5 | 21-23 | 110 |
| Sperma oleum | 130 | 54.4 | 15.2 | 78 |
| Acidum sulphuricum 100% | 68 | 20 | 14.56 | 76 |
| Acidum sulphuricum 100% | 140 | 60 | 7.2 cf. | |
| Acidum sulphuricum 95% | 68 | 20 | 14.5 | 75 |
| Acidum sulphuricum 60% | 68 | 20 | 4.4 | 41 |
| Acidum sulphuricum 20% | 3M 8M, | |||
| Acidum sulphuricum 20% | 650-1400 | |||
| Tar, coke clibanus | 70 | 21.1 | 600-1760 | 15M 300M, |
| Tar, coke clibanus | 100 | 37.8 | 141-308 | 2M 20M, |
| Tar, gas house | 70 | 21.1 | 3300 66M, | 2500 |
| Tar, gas house | 100 | 37.8 | 440-4400 | 500 |
| Tar, abiete | 100 | 37.8 | 559 | 200-300 |
| Tar, abiete | 132 | 55.6 | 108.2 | 55-60 |
| toluene | 68 | 20 | 0.68 | 185.7 |
| toluene | 140 | 60 | 0.38 cf. | |
| Triethylene glycol | 70 | 21.1 | 40 | 400-440 |
| Triethylene glycol | 185-205 | |||
| resinae terebenthinae | 100 | 37.8 | 86.5-95.2 | 1425 |
| resinae terebenthinae | 130 | 54.4 | 39.9-44.3 | 650 |
| Varnish, spar | 68 | 20 | 313 | |
| Varnish, spar | 100 | 37.8 | 143 | |
| Trichlorethylene | 68 | 20 | 10038 | 31 |
| Aqua, recens | 60 | 15.6 | 1.13 | 31.5 |
| Aqua, recens | 130 | 54.4 | 0.55 | |
| Aqua, mare | 1.15 | 31.5 | ||
| balena oleum | 100 | 37.8 | 35-39.6 | 163-184 |
| balena oleum | 130 | 54.4 | 19.9-23.4 | 97-112 |
| Xylene-o* | 68 | 20 | 0.93 | |
| Xylene-o* | 104 | 40 | 0.623 cf. |
