Viscosity nke mmiri mmiri

Viscosity nke mmiri mmiri bụ ihe atụ nke ya iguzogide eruba.

Ọ bụ ihe onwunwe nke mmiri mmiri na-ekpebi oke ike a chọrọ iji kwaga ya. Ka elu nke viscosity, otú ahụ ka a na-achọkwu ike iji mee ka mmiri na-ebugharị.

A na-emetụta viscosity nke mmiri mmiri site na okpomọkụ ya. Ka mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, na-ebelata viscosity ya. Mmiri na-ajụ oyi, otú ahụ ka viscosity ya dị elu.
A na-emetụtakwa viscosity nke mmiri mmiri site na nrụgide ya. Ka nrụgide ahụ dị elu, ka viscosity nke mmiri ahụ dị elu.

Enwere ike iji viscometer tụọ viscosity nke mmiri. Viscometer bụ ngwaọrụ na-atụ nguzogide nke mmiri ịgba ọsọ. Viscosity nke mmiri mmiri bụ ihe dị mkpa n'ọtụtụ ngwa. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, enwere ike iji viscosity nke mmiri chọpụta oke ike achọrọ iji bugharịa ya site na ọkpọkọ.

Viscosity na physics bụ otu n'ime njirimara nke ihe na-eme ka mmegharị nke ụmụ irighiri ihe gbasara ihe ndị gbara ya gburugburu na-ezute, n'ihi ike intermolecular, ike na-eguzogide ọgwụ: na ihe siri ike ọ dị elu, ma dị ala na mmiri mmiri na gas. Ọ bụrụ na anyị na-emikpu onye mba ọzọ n'ime mmiri a na-atụle, ọ ga-ezute nguzogide nke ike ya dịgasị iche dabere na ogo viscosity nke mmiri ahụ.
Dị ka ihe atụ, Molasses nwere viscosity dị elu karịa mmiri n'ihi na ọ na-eguzogide ọgwụ ike.
Enwere ọtụtụ ụzọ mmadụ nwere ike iji tụọ viscosity nke mmiri, nke kachasị mfe na nke kwụ ọtọ bụ ịtụba oghere nke otu dayameta n'ime akpa nwere nghọta nke nwere mmiri nke onye viscosity ya na-agbalị ịchọpụta.

Ntị: a na-akpọ ngbanwe nke viscosity fluidity, ihe nha nke ire ụtọ.

Viscosity bụ ihe dị mkpa n'ịchọpụta ike ndị a ga-emeri mgbe a na-eji mmiri mmiri mee mmanu ma na-ebuga na ọkpọkọ. Ya mere, ọ ga-adị mkpa ka anyị n'okpurustand Kedu ụdị mmiri mmiri ahụ Besa® valvụ ga-arụ ọrụ na ya, dịka esemokwu dị n'etiti mgbidi nke ọkpọkọ na mmiri na-asọba na ya na-emetụta arụmọrụ valvụ ahụ.

Ọ na-achịkwa ntinye mmiri n'ime processes dị ka spraying, injection ịkpụzi na elu mkpuchi.

Mgbanwe viscosity

Ka anyị tụlee ụgbọ elu abụọ, nkewapụrụ site na mmiri mmiri (mkpụrụ ọkụ na-achịkwa) na nke yiri ya each ọzọ, otu na-eguzo na nke ọzọ doro n'okpuru ike na-akpali / dọtara ya n'otu n'otu na nke ọzọ ụgbọ elu.
Dabere na mmiri mmiri anyị na-eji kewapụ ụgbọ elu abụọ ahụ, ma na-etinye otu ike mgbe niile ịkwaga otu n'ime ụgbọ elu abụọ ahụ, anyị ga-achọpụta na ọsọ nke ụgbọ elu ahụ dịgasị iche dabere na mmiri nke anyị họọrọ.

N'ozuzu anyị nwere:

A (m^2) = mpaghara ụgbọ elu ndị yiri ya
y (m) = anya n'etiti ụgbọ elu abụọ
F (N) = ike etinyere n'ụgbọelu na-akpụ akpụ
u (m/s^2)= ọsọ nke ụgbọ elu na-akpụ akpụ
τ = ike ike

Ike tangential ga-adaba na anya dị n'etiti ụgbọ elu abụọ ahụ yana nha anya na ọsọ.
Iwebata okwu ọsọ na-agbagwojuru ihe anya, n'ihi na naanị usoro iwu bụ mgbanwe dị na linear ọsọ.

Nkeji nke ụfọdụ

Na mba usoro a na-atụ viscosity na pascals (Pa s) nke dabara na poiseuille (PI), mgbe ụfọdụ maka mmanu mmanu, a na-ejikwa usoro CGS, ntụgharị centipoise (cP)

1 pas = 1 PI
1 cP = 1 mPI

Viscosity Kinematic: 1 cSt (centiStokes) = 10^-6 m²/s

Liquid	Okpomọkụ (ºF)	Okpomọkụ (ºC)	Viscosity Kinematic CentiStokes (cSt)	Viscosity Kinematic Sekọnd Saybolt Universal (SSU)
Acetaldehyde CH3CHO	61	16.1	0.305	36
Acetaldehyde CH3CHO	68	20	0.295
Acetic acid - mmanya - 10% CH3COOH	59	15	1.35	31.7
Acetic acid - 50%	59	15	2.27	33
Acetic acid - 80%	59	15	2.85	35
Acetic acid - glacial gbadoro anya	59	15	1.34	31.7
Acetic acid anhydride (CH3COO)2O	59	15	0.88
Acetone CH3COCH3	68	20	0.41
Mmanya - allyl	68	20	1.60	31.8
Mmanya - allyl	104	40	0.90 kpc
Mmanya - butyl-n	68	20	3.64	38
Mmanya - ethyl (ọka) C2H5OH	68	20	1.52	31.7
Mmanya - ethyl (ọka) C2H5OH	100	37.8	1.2	31.5
Mmanya - methyl (osisi) CH3OH	59	15	0.74
Mmanya - methyl (osisi) CH3OH	32	0	1.04
Mmanya - propyl	68	20	2.8	35
Mmanya - propyl	122	50	1.4	31.7
Aluminom sulfate - 36% ngwọta	68	20	1.41	31.7
Amonia	0	-17.8	0.30
aniline	68	20	4.37	40
aniline	50	10	6.4	46.4
Asphalt RC-0, MC-0, SC-0	77	25	159-324	737-1.5M
Asphalt RC-0, MC-0, SC-0	100	37.8	60-108	280-500
Mmanụ crankcase akpaaka	0	-17.8	1295-kacha	6M - kacha
SAE 10W
Mmanụ crankcase akpaaka	0	-17.8	1295-2590	6M-12M
SAE 10W
Mmanụ crankcase akpaaka	0	-17.8	2590-10350	12M-48M
SAE 20W
Mmanụ crankcase akpaaka	210	98.9	5.7-9.6	45-58
SAE 20
Mmanụ crankcase akpaaka	210	98.9	9.6-12.9	58-70
SAE 30
Mmanụ crankcase akpaaka	210	98.9	12.9-16.8	70-85
SAE 40
Mmanụ crankcase akpaaka	210	98.9	16.8-22.7	85-110
SAE 50
Mmanụ ụgbọala gia	210	98.9	4.2 min	40 min
SAE 75W
Mmanụ ụgbọala gia	210	98.9	7.0 min	49 min
SAE 80W
Mmanụ ụgbọala gia	210	98.9	11.0 min	63 min
SAE 85W
Mmanụ ụgbọala gia	210	98.9	14-25	74-120
SAE 90W
Mmanụ ụgbọala gia	210	98.9	25-43	120-200
SAE 140
Mmanụ ụgbọala gia	210	98.9	43 - nkeji	200 min
SAE150
Biya	68	20	1.8	32
Benzene (Benzol) C6H6	32	0	1.0	31
Benzene (Benzol) C6H6	68	20	0.74
Mmanụ ọkpụkpụ	130	54.4	47.5	220
Mmanụ ọkpụkpụ	212	100	11.6	65
Bromine	68	20	0.34
Butane-n	-50	-1.1	0.52
Butane-n	30		0.35
Butyric acid n	68	20	1.61	31.6
Butyric acid n	32	0	2.3 kpc
Calcium chloride 5%	65	18.3	1156
Calcium chloride 25%	60	15.6	4.0	39
Carbolic acid (phenol)	65	18.3	11.83	65
Carbolic acid (phenol)	194	90	1.26 kpc
Carbon tetrachloride CCl4	68	20	0.612
Carbon tetrachloride CCl4	100	37.8	0.53
Carbon disulfide CS2	32	0	0.33
Carbon disulfide CS2	68	20	0.298
Mmanụ Castor	100	37.8	259-325	1200-1500
Mmanụ Castor	130	54.4	98-130	450-600
Mmanụ osisi China	69	20.6	308.5	1425
Mmanụ osisi China	100	37.8	125.5	580
Chloroform	68	20	0.38
Chloroform	140	60	0.35
Mmiri oyibo	100	37.8	29.8-31.6	140-148
Mmiri oyibo	130	54.4	14.7-15.7	76-80
Cod oil (mmanụ azụ)	100	37.8	32.1	150
Cod oil (mmanụ azụ)	130	54.4	19.4	95
Mmanụ ọka	130	54.4	28.7	135
Mmanụ ọka	212	100	8.6	54
Ngwọta starch ọka	70	21.1	32.1	150
22 Baume	100	37.8	27.5	130
Ngwọta starch ọka	70	21.1	129.8	600
24 Baume	100	37.8	95.2	440
Ngwọta starch ọka	70	21.1	303	1400
25 Baume	100	37.8	173.2	800
Mmanụ owu mkpụrụ	100	37.8	37.9	176
Mmanụ owu mkpụrụ	130	54.4	20.6	100
Mmanụ crude 48º API	60	15.6	3.8	39
Mmanụ crude 48º API	130	54.4	1.6	31.8
Mmanụ crude 40º API	60	15.6	9.7	55.7
Mmanụ crude 40º API	130	54.4	3.5	38
Mmanụ crude 35.6º API	60	15.6	17.8	88.4
Mmanụ crude 35.6º API	130	54.4	4.9	42.3
Mmanụ crude 32.6º API	60	15.6	23.2	110
Mmanụ crude 32.6º API	130	54.4	7.1	46.8
Decane-n	0	17.8	2.36	34
Decane-n	100	37.8	1001	31
Diethyl glycol	70	21.1	32	149.7
Diethyl ether	68	20	0.32
Mmanụ dizel 20	100	37.8	44714	32.6-45.5
Mmanụ dizel 20	130	54.4	1.-3.97	-39
Mmanụ dizel 30	100	37.8	6-11.75	45.5-65
Mmanụ dizel 30	130	54.4	3.97-6.78	39-48
Mmanụ dizel 40	100	37.8	29.8 max	140 max
Mmanụ dizel 40	130	54.4	13.1 max	70 max
Mmanụ dizel 60	122	50	86.6 max	400 max
Mmanụ dizel 60	160	71.1	35.2 max	165 max
Ethyl acetate CH3COOC2H3	59	15	0.4
Ethyl acetate CH3COOC2H3	68	20	0.49
Ethyl bromide C2H5Br	68	20	0.27
Ethylene bromide	68	20	0.787
Ethylene chloride	68	20	0.668
Ngwunye glycol	70	21.1	17.8	88.4
Formic acid 10%	68	20	1.04	31
Formic acid 50%	68	20	1.2	31.5
Formic acid 80%	68	20	1.4	31.7
Formic acid gbadoro anya	68	20	1.48	31.7
Formic acid gbadoro anya	77	25	1.57p
Freon -11	70	21.1	0.21
Freon -12	70	21.1	0.27
Freon -21	70	21.1	1.45
furaldehyde	68	20	1.45	31.7
furaldehyde	77	25	1.49p
Mmanụ mmanụ 1	70	21.1	2.39-4.28	34-40
Mmanụ mmanụ 1	100	37.8	-2.69	32-35
Mmanụ mmanụ 2	70	21.1	3.0-7.4	36-50
Mmanụ mmanụ 2	100	37.8	2.11-4.28	33-40
Mmanụ mmanụ 3	70	21.1	2.69-5.84	35-45
Mmanụ mmanụ 3	100	37.8	2.06-3.97	32.8-39
Mmanụ mmanụ 5A	70	21.1	7.4-26.4	50-125
Mmanụ mmanụ 5A	100	37.8	4.91-13.7	42-72
Mmanụ mmanụ 5B	70	21.1	26.4-	125-
Mmanụ mmanụ 5B	100	37.8	13.6-67.1	72-310
Mmanụ mmanụ 6	122	50	97.4-660	450-3M
Mmanụ mmanụ 6	160	71.1	37.5-172	175-780
Mmanụ gas	70	21.1	13.9	73
Mmanụ gas	100	37.8	7.4	50
mmanụ ụgbọala a	60	15.6	0.88
mmanụ ụgbọala a	100	37.8	0.71
Mmanụ ụgbọala b	60	15.6	0.64
Mmanụ ụgbọala b	100	37.8
Mmanụ ụgbọala c	60	15.6	0.46
Mmanụ ụgbọala c	100	37.8	0.40
Glycerin 100%	68.6	20.3	648	2950
Glycerin 100%	100	37.8	176	813
Glycerin 50% mmiri	68	20	5.29	43
Glycerin 50% mmiri	140	60	1.85 kpc
Glucose	100	37.8	7.7M-22M	35M-100M
Glucose	150	65.6	880-2420	4M-11M
Heptanes-n	0	-17.8	0.928
Heptanes-n	100	37.8	0.511
Hexane-n	0	-17.8	0.683
Hexane-n	100	37.8	0.401
Honey	100	37.8	73.6	349
Ink, ndị na-ebi akwụkwọ	100	37.8	550-2200	2500-10M
Ink, ndị na-ebi akwụkwọ	130	54.4	238-660	1100-3M
Mmanụ mkpuchi	70	21.1	24.1 max	115 max
Mmanụ mkpuchi	100	37.8	11.75 max	65 max
kerosin	68	20	2.71	35
Mmanụ ụgbọala	-30.	-34.4	7.9	52
Lard	100	37.8	62.1	287
Lard	130	54.4	34.3	160
Mmanu mmanu abuba	100	37.8	41-47.5	190-220
Mmanu mmanu abuba	130	54.4	23.4-27.1	112-128
Mmanụ Linseed	100	37.8	30.5	143
Mmanụ Linseed	130	54.4	18.94	93
Mercury	70	21.1	0.118
Mercury	100	37.8	0.11
Methyl acetate	68	20	0.44
Methyl acetate	104	40	0.32 kpc
Methyl iodide	68	20	0.213
Methyl iodide	104	40	0.42 kpc
Menhaden mmanụ	100	37.8	29.8	140
Menhaden mmanụ	130	54.4	18.2	90
Mmiri ara	68	20	1.13	31.5
Molasses A, nke mbụ	100	37.8	281-5070	1300-23500
Molasses A, nke mbụ	130	54.4	151-1760	700-8160
B, nke abụọ	100	37.8	1410-13.2M	6535-61180
B, nke abụọ	130	54.4	660-3.3M	3058-15294
C, eriri ojii	100	37.8	2630-55M	12190-255M
C, eriri ojii	130	54.4	1320-16.5M	6120-76.5M
Naftali	176	80	0.9
Naftali	212	100	0.78 kpc
Mmanụ Neatstool	100	37.8	49.7	230
Mmanụ Neatstool	130	54.4	27.5	130
Nitrobenzene	68	20	1.67	31.8
Enweghị-n	0	-17.8	1728	32
Enweghị-n	100	37.8	0.807
Octane-n	0	-17.8	1266	31.7
Octane-n	100	37.8	0.645
Oliv mmanụ	100	37.8	43.2	200
Oliv mmanụ	130	54.4	24.1
Mmanụ nkwụ	100	37.8	47.8
Mmanụ nkwụ	130	54.4	26.4
Uekere ogwu	100	37.8	42	200
Uekere ogwu	130	54.4	23.4
Pentane-n	0	17.8	0.508
Pentane-n	80	26.7	0.342
petrolatum	130	54.4	20.5	100
petrolatum	160	71.1	15	77
Eter mmanụ ala	60	15.6	31 (nke kacha)	1.1
Propionic acid bụ	32	0	1.52 kpc	31.5
Propionic acid bụ	68	20	1.13
Propylene ọgwụ	70	21.1	52	241
Mmanụ na-emenyụ			100-120	20.5-25
Mmanụ mmanụ	100	37.8	54.1	250
Mmanụ mmanụ	130	54.4	31	145
Mmanụ rosin	100	37.8	324.7	1500
Mmanụ rosin	130	54.4	129.9	600
Rosin (osisi)	100	37.8	216-11M	1M-50M
Rosin (osisi)	200	93.3	108-4400	500-20M
Mkpụrụ mmanụ Sesame	100	37.8	39.6	184
Mkpụrụ mmanụ Sesame	130	54.4	23	110
Sodium chloride 5%	68	20	1097	31.1
Sodium chloride 25%	60	15.6	2.4	34
Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) 20%	65	18.3	4.0	39.4
Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) 30%	65	18.3	10.0	58.1
Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) 40%	65	18.3
Mmanụ soya	100	37.8	35.4	165
Mmanụ soya	130	5.4	19.64	96
Mmanụ sperm	100	37.5	21-23	110
Mmanụ sperm	130	54.4	15.2	78
Sulfuric acid 100%	68	20	14.56	76
Sulfuric acid 100%	140	60	7.2 kpc
Sulfuric acid 95%	68	20	14.5	75
Sulfuric acid 60%	68	20	4.4	41
Sulfuric acid 20%				3M-8M
Sulfuric acid 20%				650-1400
Tar, kok oven	70	21.1	600-1760	15M-300M
Tar, kok oven	100	37.8	141-308	2M-20M
Tar, gas ụlọ	70	21.1	3300-66M	2500
Tar, gas ụlọ	100	37.8	440-4400	500
Tar, osisi	100	37.8	559	200-300
Tar, osisi	132	55.6	108.2	55-60
Toluene	68	20	0.68	185.7
Toluene	140	60	0.38 kpc
Triethylene glycol	70	21.1	40	400-440
Triethylene glycol				185-205
Turpentine	100	37.8	86.5-95.2	1425
Turpentine	130	54.4	39.9-44.3	650
Varnish, spar	68	20	313
Varnish, spar	100	37.8	143
Mmiri, gbanye	68	20	10038	31
Mmiri, ọhụrụ	60	15.6	1.13	31.5
Mmiri, ọhụrụ	130	54.4	0.55
Mmiri, oke osimiri			1.15	31.5
Mmanụ whale	100	37.8	35-39.6	163-184
Mmanụ whale	130	54.4	19.9-23.4	97-112
Xylene-o	68	20	0.93
Xylene-o	104	40	0.623 kpc