Ndlulela

I-viscosity yoketshezi iyisilinganiso sayo ukumelana nokugeleza.

Kuyisici soketshezi olunquma inani lamandla adingekayo ukuze lunyakaze. Lapho i-viscosity iphakeme, kudingeka amandla engeziwe ukuhambisa uketshezi.

I-viscosity yoketshezi ithintwa izinga lokushisa layo. Lapho uketshezi lufudumala, i-viscosity yalo iyancipha. Lapho uketshezi lubanda kakhulu, kulapho i-viscosity yalo iphakama.
I-viscosity yoketshezi nayo ithintwa ukucindezela kwalo. Lapho umfutho uphakeme, i-viscosity yoketshezi iyanda.

I-viscosity yoketshezi ingalinganiswa nge-viscometer. I-viscometer iyithuluzi elikala ukumelana koketshezi ukuze ligeleze. I-viscosity yoketshezi iyimpahla ebalulekile ezinhlelweni eziningi. Isibonelo, i-viscosity yoketshezi ingasetshenziselwa nquma inani lamandla adingekayo ukuyihambisa ngepayipi.

I-viscosity ku-physics ingenye yezakhiwo zendaba lapho ukunyakaza kwama-molecule maqondana nama-molecule azungezile kuhlangana khona, ngenxa yamandla e-intermolecular, amandla amelana: kokuqinile aphakeme kakhulu, kodwa aphansi kakhulu oketshezini namagesi. Uma sicwilisa umzimba wangaphandle oketshezini olucutshungulwayo, uzobhekana nokumelana namandla akhona ahluka kuye ngezinga le-viscosity yoketshezi.
I-Molasses, isibonelo, ine-viscosity ephakeme kunamanzi ngoba imelana kakhulu nokugeleza.
Ziningi izindlela umuntu angazisebenzisa ukuze alinganise i-viscosity yoketshezi, okulula futhi okuqondile kakhulu ukuwisa indilinga yobubanzi obuthile esitsheni esisobala esinoketshezi okubukeka kwayo umuntu azama ukukunquma.

QAPHELA: i-reciprocal of viscosity ibizwa ngokuthi i-fluidity, isilinganiso sokushelela.

I-viscosity iyisici esibalulekile ekunqumeni amandla okufanele anqobe lapho uketshezi lusetshenziselwa ukugcoba futhi luthuthwa ngamapayipi. Ngakho-ke kuyoba kubalulekile kithi ukuba ngaphansistand hlobo luni loketshezi BesaI-valve ® izobe isebenza nayo, njengoba ukungqubuzana phakathi kwezindonga zepayipi noketshezi olugeleza kulo kuthinta ukusebenza kokukhipha kwe-valve.

Ilawula ukungena koketshezi processnjengokufafaza, ukubumba umjovo kanye nokunamathiswa kwendawo.

Ama-viscosity

I-viscosity enamandla

Ake sicabangele izindiza ezimbili, ezihlukaniswe uketshezi (izinga lokushisa elilawulwayo) futhi elihambisana no each enye, enye imile kanti enye ingaphansi kwamandla ayiphushayo/eyidonsa ihambisane nenye indiza.
Kuye ngoketshezi esilusebenzisayo ukuze sihlukanise izindiza ezimbili, futhi njalo sisebenzisa amandla afanayo ukuhambisa enye yezindiza ezimbili, sizothola ukuthi isivinini sendiza siyahlukahluka kuye ngoketshezi esilukhethile.

Ukuhlanganisa sinakho:

A (m^2)= indawo yezindiza ezihambisanayo
y (m)= ibanga phakathi kwezindiza ezimbili
F (N)= amandla asetshenziswa endizeni ehambayo
u (m/s^2)= isivinini sendiza ehambayo
τ = amandla e-tangential

Amandla e-tangential azolingana ngokuphambene nebanga eliphakathi kwezindiza ezimbili futhi alingane ngokuqondile nesivinini.
Ukwethula ithemu lesivinini kwenza izinto zibe nzima, ngoba ngokwethiyori kuphela ukuhluka komugqa wejubane.

Amayunithi wesilinganiso

Kuhlelo lwamazwe ngamazwe i-viscosity ikalwa ngo pascals (Pa s) okulingana ne-poiseuille (PI), ngezinye izikhathi kumafutha okugcoba uhlelo lwe-CGS luyasetshenziswa, okungukuthi i-centipoise (cP)

1 Pa s = 1 PI
1 cP = 1 mPI

I-Kinematic Viscosity: 1 cSt (centiStokes) = 10-6 m2/s

LiquidIzinga lokushisa (ºF)Ithempelesha (ºC)I-Kinematic Viscosity
I-CentiStokes (cSt)
I-Kinematic Viscosity
Imizuzwana ye-Saybolt Universal (SSU)
I-Acetaldehyde CH3CHO 6116.10.30536
I-Acetaldehyde CH3CHO 68200.295
I-acetic acid - uviniga - 10% CH3COOH 59151.3531.7
I-acetic acid - 50% 59152.2733
I-acetic acid - 80% 59152.8535
I-acetic acid - i-glacial egxilile 59151.3431.7
I-Acetic acid anhydride (CH3COO)2O 59150.88
I-acetone CH3COCH3 68200.41
Utshwala - allyl 68201.6031.8
Utshwala - allyl 104400.90 pc
Utshwala - butyl-n 68203.6438
Utshwala - ethyl (okusanhlamvu) C2H5OH 68201.5231.7
Utshwala - ethyl (okusanhlamvu) C2H5OH 10037.81.231.5
Utshwala - i-methyl (ukhuni) CH3OH 59150.74
Utshwala - i-methyl (ukhuni) CH3OH 3201.04
Utshwala - propyl 68202.835
Utshwala - propyl 122501.431.7
I-aluminium sulfate - isisombululo esingu-36%. 68201.4131.7
Amoniya 0-17.80.30
i-aniline 68204.3740
i-aniline 50106.446.4
Itiyela RC-0, MC-0, SC-0 7725159-324I-737-1.5M
Itiyela RC-0, MC-0, SC-0 10037.860-108280-500
Uwoyela we-crankcase ozenzakalelayo0-17.81295-ubuningi6M-ubukhulu
I-SAE 10W
Uwoyela we-crankcase ozenzakalelayo0-17.81295-2590I-6M-12M
I-SAE 10W
Uwoyela we-crankcase ozenzakalelayo0-17.82590-10350I-12M-48M
I-SAE 20W
Uwoyela we-crankcase ozenzakalelayo21098.95.7-9.645-58
I-SAE 20
Uwoyela we-crankcase ozenzakalelayo21098.99.6-12.958-70
I-SAE 30
Uwoyela we-crankcase ozenzakalelayo21098.912.9-16.870-85
I-SAE 40
Uwoyela we-crankcase ozenzakalelayo21098.916.8-22.785-110
I-SAE 50
Amafutha egiya lezimoto21098.94.2 amaminithi40 amaminithi
I-SAE 75W
Amafutha egiya lezimoto21098.97.0 amaminithi49 amaminithi
I-SAE 80W
Amafutha egiya lezimoto21098.911.0 amaminithi63 amaminithi
I-SAE 85W
Amafutha egiya lezimoto21098.914-2574-120
I-SAE 90W
Amafutha egiya lezimoto21098.925-43120-200
I-SAE 140
Amafutha egiya lezimoto21098.943 - imiz200 amaminithi
I-SAE150
Ubhiya68201.832
I-Benzol (i-Benzol) C6H63201.031
I-Benzol (i-Benzol) C6H668200.74
Amafutha ethambo13054.447.5220
Amafutha ethambo21210011.665
I-Bromine68200.34
Butane-n-50-1.10.52
Butane-n300.35
I-Butyric acid n68201.6131.6
I-Butyric acid n3202.3 pc
I-calcium chloride 5%6518.31156
I-calcium chloride 25%6015.64.039
I-Carbolic acid (phenol)6518.311.8365
I-Carbolic acid (phenol)194901.26 pc
Ikhabhoni tetrachloride CCl468200.612
Ikhabhoni tetrachloride CCl410037.80.53
I-Carbon disulfide CS23200.33
I-Carbon disulfide CS268200.298
u-Castor oil10037.8259-3251200-1500
u-Castor oil13054.498-130450-600
Uwoyela wezinkuni waseChina6920.6308.51425
Uwoyela wezinkuni waseChina10037.8125.5580
I-Chloroform68200.38
I-Chloroform140600.35
Amafutha kakhukhunathi10037.829.8-31.6140-148
Amafutha kakhukhunathi13054.414.7-15.776-80
Amafutha e-cod (amafutha ezinhlanzi)10037.832.1150
Amafutha e-cod (amafutha ezinhlanzi)13054.419.495
Amafutha ommbila13054.428.7135
Amafutha ommbila2121008.654
Isixazululo sesitashi sommbila7021.132.1150
22 Baume 10037.827.5130
Isixazululo sesitashi sommbila7021.1129.8600
24 Baume 10037.895.2440
Isixazululo sesitashi sommbila7021.13031400
25 Baume 10037.8173.2800
Amafutha embewu kakotini10037.837.9176
Amafutha embewu kakotini13054.420.6100
Amafutha aluhlaza 48º API6015.63.839
Amafutha aluhlaza 48º API13054.41.631.8
Amafutha aluhlaza 40º API6015.69.755.7
Amafutha aluhlaza 40º API13054.43.538
Amafutha aluhlaza 35.6º API6015.617.888.4
Amafutha aluhlaza 35.6º API13054.44.942.3
Amafutha aluhlaza 32.6º API6015.623.2110
Amafutha aluhlaza 32.6º API13054.47.146.8
I-Decane-n017.82.3634
I-Decane-n10037.8100131
I-Diethyl glycol7021.132149.7
I-Diethyl ether68200.32
I-diesel fuel 2010037.84471432.6-45.5
I-diesel fuel 2013054.4I-1.-3.97-39
I-diesel fuel 3010037.86-11.7545.5-65
I-diesel fuel 3013054.43.97-6.7839-48
I-diesel fuel 4010037.8I-29.8 maxI-140 max
I-diesel fuel 4013054.4I-13.1 maxI-70 max
I-diesel fuel 6012250I-86.6 maxI-400 max
I-diesel fuel 6016071.1I-35.2 maxI-165 max
I-Ethyl acetate CH3COOC2H359150.4
I-Ethyl acetate CH3COOC2H368200.49
I-Ethyl bromide C2H5Br68200.27
I-Ethylene bromide68200.787
I-Ethylene chloride68200.668
I-Ethylene glycol7021.117.888.4
I-Formic acid 10%68201.0431
I-Formic acid 50%68201.231.5
I-Formic acid 80%68201.431.7
I-Formic acid igxilile68201.4831.7
I-Formic acid igxilile77251.57cp
I-Freon -117021.10.21
I-Freon -127021.10.27
I-Freon -217021.11.45
furaldehyde68201.4531.7
furaldehyde77251.49cp
Amafutha e-Fuel 17021.12.39-4.2834-40
Amafutha e-Fuel 110037.8-2.6932-35
Amafutha e-Fuel 27021.13.0-7.436-50
Amafutha e-Fuel 210037.82.11-4.2833-40
Amafutha e-Fuel 37021.12.69-5.8435-45
Amafutha e-Fuel 310037.82.06-3.9732.8-39
Amafutha e-Fuel 5A7021.17.4-26.450-125
Amafutha e-Fuel 5A10037.84.91-13.742-72
Amafutha okubasela 5B7021.126.4-125-
Amafutha okubasela 5B10037.813.6-67.172-310
Amafutha e-Fuel 61225097.4-660I-450-3M
Amafutha e-Fuel 616071.137.5-172175-780
Amafutha egesi7021.113.973
Amafutha egesi10037.87.450
Uphethiloli a6015.60.88
Uphethiloli a10037.80.71
Uphethiloli b6015.60.64
Uphethiloli b10037.8
Uphethiloli c6015.60.46
Uphethiloli c10037.80.40
I-Glycerin 100%68.620.36482950
I-Glycerin 100%10037.8176813
Glycerin 50% amanzi68205.2943
Glycerin 50% amanzi140601.85 pc
I-glucose10037.8I-7.7M-22MI-35M-100M
I-glucose15065.6880-2420I-4M-11M
I-Heptanes-n0-17.80.928
I-Heptanes-n10037.80.511
I-Hexane-n0-17.80.683
I-Hexane-n10037.80.401
Uju10037.873.6349
Uyinki, amaphrinta10037.8550-2200I-2500-10M
Uyinki, amaphrinta13054.4238-660I-1100-3M
Amafutha okuvikela7021.1I-24.1 maxI-115 max
Amafutha okuvikela10037.8I-11.75 maxI-65 max
kaphalafini68202.7135
Jet Okokhelekayo-30.-34.47.952
I-Lard10037.862.1287
I-Lard13054.434.3160
Amafutha engulube10037.841-47.5190-220
Amafutha engulube13054.423.4-27.1112-128
Amafutha ancibilikisiwe10037.830.5143
Amafutha ancibilikisiwe13054.418.9493
Mercury7021.10.118
Mercury10037.80.11
I-methyl acetate68200.44
I-methyl acetate104400.32 pc
I-methyl iodide68200.213
I-methyl iodide104400.42 pc
Amafutha e-Menhaden10037.829.8140
Amafutha e-Menhaden13054.418.290
Ubisi68201.1331.5
Molasses A, kuqala10037.8281-50701300-23500
Molasses A, kuqala13054.4151-1760700-8160
B, okwesibili10037.8I-1410-13.2M6535-61180
B, okwesibili13054.4I-660-3.3M3058-15294
C, ibhande elimnyama10037.8I-2630-55MI-12190-255M
C, ibhande elimnyama13054.4I-1320-16.5MI-6120-76.5M
UNaphthalene176800.9
UNaphthalene2121000.78 pc
Amafutha e-Neatstool10037.849.7230
Amafutha e-Neatstool13054.427.5130
I-Nitrobenzene68201.6731.8
Nonane-n0-17.8172832
Nonane-n10037.80.807
I-Octane-n0-17.8126631.7
I-Octane-n10037.80.645
Amafutha e-Olive10037.843.2200
Amafutha e-Olive13054.424.1
Amafutha esundu10037.847.8
Amafutha esundu13054.426.4
Amafutha e-Peanut10037.842200
Amafutha e-Peanut13054.423.4
I-Pentane-n017.80.508
I-Pentane-n8026.70.342
I-Petrolatum13054.420.5100
I-Petrolatum16071.11577
I-petroleum ether6015.631(okuphelele)1.1
I-propionic acid3201.52 pc31.5
I-propionic acid68201.13
I-Propylene glycol7021.152241
Amafutha okucisha100-12020.5-25
Amafutha akhishwa10037.854.1250
Amafutha akhishwa13054.431145
Amafutha e-rosin10037.8324.71500
Amafutha e-rosin13054.4129.9600
I-Rosin (ukhuni)10037.8I-216-11MI-1M-50M
I-Rosin (ukhuni)20093.3108-4400I-500-20M
Amafutha wembewu yeSesame10037.839.6184
Amafutha wembewu yeSesame13054.423110
I-sodium chloride 5%6820109731.1
I-sodium chloride 25%6015.62.434
I-sodium hydroxide (i-caustic soda) 20%6518.34.039.4
I-sodium hydroxide (i-caustic soda) 30%6518.310.058.1
I-sodium hydroxide (i-caustic soda) 40%6518.3
Amafutha kabhontshisi weSoya10037.835.4165
Amafutha kabhontshisi weSoya1305.419.6496
Amafutha esidoda10037.521-23110
Amafutha esidoda13054.415.278
I-sulfuric acid 100%682014.5676
I-sulfuric acid 100%140607.2 pc
I-sulfuric acid 95%682014.575
I-sulfuric acid 60%68204.441
I-sulfuric acid 20%I-3M-8M
I-sulfuric acid 20%650-1400
I-Tar, i-oven ye-coke7021.1600-1760I-15M-300M
I-Tar, i-oven ye-coke10037.8141-308I-2M-20M
Ithayela, indlu yegesi7021.1I-3300-66M2500
Ithayela, indlu yegesi10037.8440-4400500
Ithayela, uphayini10037.8559200-300
Ithayela, uphayini13255.6108.255-60
I-Toluene68200.68185.7
I-Toluene140600.38 pc
I-Triethylene glycol7021.140400-440
I-Triethylene glycol185-205
I-Turpentine10037.886.5-95.21425
I-Turpentine13054.439.9-44.3650
I-Varnish, i-spar6820313
I-Varnish, i-spar10037.8143
Amanzi, distilled68201003831
Amanzi, amasha6015.61.1331.5
Amanzi, amasha13054.40.55
Amanzi, ulwandle1.1531.5
Amafutha omkhomo10037.835-39.6163-184
Amafutha omkhomo13054.419.9-23.497-112
I-Xylene-o68200.93
I-Xylene-o104400.623 pc
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