Viskozite yon likid

Viskozite yon likid se yon mezi li rezistans nan koule.

Li se yon pwopriyete likid la ki detèmine kantite fòs ki nesesè pou deplase li. Plis viskozite a pi wo, se plis fòs ki nesesè pou deplase likid la.

Viskozite yon likid afekte pa tanperati li. Plis likid la cho, se pi ba viskozite li. Plis likid la frèt, se pi wo viskozite li.
Viskozite yon likid tou afekte pa presyon li yo. Plis presyon an pi wo, se pi wo viskozite likid la.

Ou ka mezire viskozite yon likid ak yon viskozimèt. Yon viskomèt se yon aparèy ki mezire rezistans yon likid koule. Viskozite yon likid se yon pwopriyete enpòtan nan anpil aplikasyon. Pou egzanp, viskozite yon likid ka itilize pou detèmine kantite fòs ki nesesè pou deplase li nan yon tiyo.

Viskozite nan fizik se youn nan pwopriyete matyè yo kote mouvman molekil yo ak molekil ki antoure yo rankontre, akòz fòs entèmolekilè, yon fòs rezistan: nan solid li pi wo, men pi ba nan likid ak gaz. Si nou plonje yon kò etranje nan likid la anba konsiderasyon, li pral rankontre yon rezistans ki gen fòs varye depann sou degre likid la nan viskozite.
Melas, pou egzanp, gen yon viskozite ki pi wo pase dlo paske li pi rezistan nan koule.
Gen anpil metòd yon moun ka itilize pou mezire viskozite yon likid, pi fasil ak pi senp lan se lage yon esfè ki gen yon sèten dyamèt nan yon veso transparan ki gen likid ki gen viskozite yon moun ap eseye detèmine.

ATANSYON: resipwòk viskozite a rele fluidité, yon mezi douceur.

Viskozite se yon faktè enpòtan nan detèmine fòs yo ki dwe simonte lè likid yo itilize pou wilaj ak transpòte nan tiyo. Se poutèt sa, li pral enpòtan pou nou anbastand ki kalite likid la Besa® valv pral travay ak, kòm friksyon ki genyen ant mi yo nan yon tiyo ak likid la ap koule tankou dlo nan li afekte pèfòmans egzeyat valv la.

Li kontwole koule likid nan processes tankou flite, bòdi piki ak kouch sifas yo.

Viskozite dinamik

Ann konsidere de plan, separe pa yon likid (tanperati kontwole) ak paralèl ak each lòt, youn estasyonè ak lòt la sibi yon fòs ki pouse/rale li paralèl ak lòt avyon an.
Tou depan de likid nou itilize pou separe de avyon yo, epi toujou aplike menm fòs pou deplase youn nan de avyon yo, n ap jwenn vitès avyon an varye selon likid nou te chwazi a.

Jeneralize nou genyen:

A (m^2)= sipèfisi plan paralèl yo
y (m) = distans ant de plan yo
F (N) = fòs ki aplike sou plan k ap deplase a
u (m/s^2)= vitès avyon an k ap deplase
τ = fòs tanjansyèl

Fòs tanjansyèl la pral envès pwopòsyonèl ak distans ki genyen ant de avyon yo epi dirèkteman pwopòsyonèl ak vitès la.
Entwodwi tèm vitès la konplike bagay yo, paske se sèlman teyorikman varyasyon nan vitès lineyè.

Inite mezi

Nan sistèm entènasyonal la se viskozite mezire nan pascals (Pa s) ki ekivalan a yon poiseuille (PI), pafwa pou lwil lubrifyan yo itilize sistèm CGS tou, sa vle di centipoise (cP)

1 Pa s = 1 PI
1 cP = 1 mPI

Viskozite sinematik: 1 cSt (centiStokes) = 10^-6 m²/s

Likid	Tanperati (ºF)	Tanperati (ºC)	Sinema viskosite CentiStokes (cSt)	Sinema viskosite Seconds Saybolt Universal (SSU)
Acetaldehyde CH3CHO	61	16.1	0.305	36
Acetaldehyde CH3CHO	68	20	0.295
Asid Acetic - vinèg - 10% CH3COOH	59	15	1.35	31.7
Asid Acetic - 50%	59	15	2.27	33
Asid Acetic - 80%	59	15	2.85	35
Asid Acetic - konsantre glacial	59	15	1.34	31.7
Anhydride asid acetic (CH3COO)2O	59	15	0.88
Asetòn CH3COCH3	68	20	0.41
Alkòl - alyl	68	20	1.60	31.8
Alkòl - alyl	104	40	0.90 CP
Alkòl - butyl-n	68	20	3.64	38
Alkòl - etil (grenn) C2H5OH	68	20	1.52	31.7
Alkòl - etil (grenn) C2H5OH	100	37.8	1.2	31.5
Alkòl - methyl (bwa) CH3OH	59	15	0.74
Alkòl - methyl (bwa) CH3OH	32	0	1.04
Alkòl - pwopil	68	20	2.8	35
Alkòl - pwopil	122	50	1.4	31.7
Silfat aliminyòm - 36% solisyon	68	20	1.41	31.7
Amonyak	0	-17.8	0.30
Anilin	68	20	4.37	40
Anilin	50	10	6.4	46.4
Asfalt RC-0, MC-0, SC-0	77	25	159-324	737-1.5M
Asfalt RC-0, MC-0, SC-0	100	37.8	60-108	280-500
Otomatik lwil oliv carter	0	-17.8	1295-maks	6M-max
SAE 10W
Otomatik lwil oliv carter	0	-17.8	1295-2590	6M-12M
SAE 10W
Otomatik lwil oliv carter	0	-17.8	2590-10350	12M-48M
SAE 20W
Otomatik lwil oliv carter	210	98.9	5.7-9.6	45-58
SAE 20
Otomatik lwil oliv carter	210	98.9	9.6-12.9	58-70
SAE 30
Otomatik lwil oliv carter	210	98.9	12.9-16.8	70-85
SAE 40
Otomatik lwil oliv carter	210	98.9	16.8-22.7	85-110
SAE 50
Otomobil lwil oliv Kovèti pou	210	98.9	4.2 min	40 min
SAE 75W
Otomobil lwil oliv Kovèti pou	210	98.9	7.0 min	49 min
SAE 80W
Otomobil lwil oliv Kovèti pou	210	98.9	11.0 min	63 min
SAE 85W
Otomobil lwil oliv Kovèti pou	210	98.9	14-25	74-120
SAE 90W
Otomobil lwil oliv Kovèti pou	210	98.9	25-43	120-200
SAE 140
Otomobil lwil oliv Kovèti pou	210	98.9	43 - min	200 min
SAE150
Byè	68	20	1.8	32
Benzèn (Benzòl) C6H6	32	0	1.0	31
Benzèn (Benzòl) C6H6	68	20	0.74
Lwil zo	130	54.4	47.5	220
Lwil zo	212	100	11.6	65
Bwòm	68	20	0.34
Butane-n	-50	-1.1	0.52
Butane-n	30		0.35
Asid butirik n	68	20	1.61	31.6
Asid butirik n	32	0	2.3 CP
klori kalsyòm 5%	65	18.3	1156
klori kalsyòm 25%	60	15.6	4.0	39
asid kabolik (fenol)	65	18.3	11.83	65
asid kabolik (fenol)	194	90	1.26 CP
Tetrachloride kabòn CCl4	68	20	0.612
Tetrachloride kabòn CCl4	100	37.8	0.53
Disulfid kabòn CS2	32	0	0.33
Disulfid kabòn CS2	68	20	0.298
Lwil Castor	100	37.8	259-325	1200-1500
Lwil Castor	130	54.4	98-130	450-600
Lachin lwil oliv bwa	69	20.6	308.5	1425
Lachin lwil oliv bwa	100	37.8	125.5	580
Kloroform	68	20	0.38
Kloroform	140	60	0.35
Coconut lwil	100	37.8	29.8-31.6	140-148
Coconut lwil	130	54.4	14.7-15.7	76-80
lwil Mori (lwil pwason)	100	37.8	32.1	150
lwil Mori (lwil pwason)	130	54.4	19.4	95
Lwil mayi	130	54.4	28.7	135
Lwil mayi	212	100	8.6	54
Solisyon lanmidon mayi	70	21.1	32.1	150
22 Baume	100	37.8	27.5	130
Solisyon lanmidon mayi	70	21.1	129.8	600
24 Baume	100	37.8	95.2	440
Solisyon lanmidon mayi	70	21.1	303	1400
25 Baume	100	37.8	173.2	800
Lwil grenn koton	100	37.8	37.9	176
Lwil grenn koton	130	54.4	20.6	100
Lwil brit 48º API	60	15.6	3.8	39
Lwil brit 48º API	130	54.4	1.6	31.8
Lwil brit 40º API	60	15.6	9.7	55.7
Lwil brit 40º API	130	54.4	3.5	38
Lwil brit 35.6º API	60	15.6	17.8	88.4
Lwil brit 35.6º API	130	54.4	4.9	42.3
Lwil brit 32.6º API	60	15.6	23.2	110
Lwil brit 32.6º API	130	54.4	7.1	46.8
Decane-n	0	17.8	2.36	34
Decane-n	100	37.8	1001	31
Dyetil glikol	70	21.1	32	149.7
Dietil etè	68	20	0.32
Gaz dyezèl 20	100	37.8	44714	32.6-45.5
Gaz dyezèl 20	130	54.4	1.-3.97	-39
Gaz dyezèl 30	100	37.8	6-11.75	45.5-65
Gaz dyezèl 30	130	54.4	3.97-6.78	39-48
Gaz dyezèl 40	100	37.8	29.8 max	140 max
Gaz dyezèl 40	130	54.4	13.1 max	70 max
Gaz dyezèl 60	122	50	86.6 max	400 max
Gaz dyezèl 60	160	71.1	35.2 max	165 max
Asetat etil CH3COOC2H3	59	15	0.4
Asetat etil CH3COOC2H3	68	20	0.49
Bromur etil C2H5Br	68	20	0.27
Bromur etilèn	68	20	0.787
Ethylene klori	68	20	0.668
Glycol etilèn	70	21.1	17.8	88.4
asid fòmik 10%	68	20	1.04	31
asid fòmik 50%	68	20	1.2	31.5
asid fòmik 80%	68	20	1.4	31.7
Asid fòmik konsantre	68	20	1.48	31.7
Asid fòmik konsantre	77	25	1.57cp
Freon -11	70	21.1	0.21
Freon -12	70	21.1	0.27
Freon -21	70	21.1	1.45
furfurol	68	20	1.45	31.7
furfurol	77	25	1.49cp
Lwil gaz 1	70	21.1	2.39-4.28	34-40
Lwil gaz 1	100	37.8	-2.69	32-35
Lwil gaz 2	70	21.1	3.0-7.4	36-50
Lwil gaz 2	100	37.8	2.11-4.28	33-40
Lwil gaz 3	70	21.1	2.69-5.84	35-45
Lwil gaz 3	100	37.8	2.06-3.97	32.8-39
Lwil gaz 5A	70	21.1	7.4-26.4	50-125
Lwil gaz 5A	100	37.8	4.91-13.7	42-72
Lwil gaz 5B	70	21.1	26.4-	125-
Lwil gaz 5B	100	37.8	13.6-67.1	72-310
Lwil gaz 6	122	50	97.4-660	450-3M
Lwil gaz 6	160	71.1	37.5-172	175-780
Lwil gaz	70	21.1	13.9	73
Lwil gaz	100	37.8	7.4	50
gazolin a	60	15.6	0.88
gazolin a	100	37.8	0.71
gazolin b	60	15.6	0.64
gazolin b	100	37.8
gazolin c	60	15.6	0.46
gazolin c	100	37.8	0.40
Gliserin 100%	68.6	20.3	648	2950
Gliserin 100%	100	37.8	176	813
Glycerin 50% dlo	68	20	5.29	43
Glycerin 50% dlo	140	60	1.85 CP
Glikoz	100	37.8	7.7M-22M	35M-100M
Glikoz	150	65.6	880-2420	4M-11M
Heptanes-n	0	-17.8	0.928
Heptanes-n	100	37.8	0.511
Hexane-n	0	-17.8	0.683
Hexane-n	100	37.8	0.401
Siwo myèl	100	37.8	73.6	349
Lank, enprimant	100	37.8	550-2200	2500-10M
Lank, enprimant	130	54.4	238-660	1100-3M
Izolan lwil oliv	70	21.1	24.1 max	115 max
Izolan lwil oliv	100	37.8	11.75 max	65 max
kewozèn	68	20	2.71	35
Gaz Jet	-30.	-34.4	7.9	52
grès kochon	100	37.8	62.1	287
grès kochon	130	54.4	34.3	160
Lwil kochon	100	37.8	41-47.5	190-220
Lwil kochon	130	54.4	23.4-27.1	112-128
Len lwil	100	37.8	30.5	143
Len lwil	130	54.4	18.94	93
Mèki	70	21.1	0.118
Mèki	100	37.8	0.11
Methyl acetate	68	20	0.44
Methyl acetate	104	40	0.32 CP
Yodid metil	68	20	0.213
Yodid metil	104	40	0.42 CP
Menhaden lwil oliv	100	37.8	29.8	140
Menhaden lwil oliv	130	54.4	18.2	90
Lèt	68	20	1.13	31.5
Melas A, premye	100	37.8	281-5070	1300-23500
Melas A, premye	130	54.4	151-1760	700-8160
B, dezyèm	100	37.8	1410-13.2M	6535-61180
B, dezyèm	130	54.4	660-3.3M	3058-15294
C, blackstrap	100	37.8	2630-55M	12190-255M
C, blackstrap	130	54.4	1320-16.5M	6120-76.5M
Naftalèn	176	80	0.9
Naftalèn	212	100	0.78 CP
Neatsstool lwil oliv	100	37.8	49.7	230
Neatsstool lwil oliv	130	54.4	27.5	130
Nitrobenzèn	68	20	1.67	31.8
Nonane-n	0	-17.8	1728	32
Nonane-n	100	37.8	0.807
Oktan-n	0	-17.8	1266	31.7
Oktan-n	100	37.8	0.645
Lwil oliv	100	37.8	43.2	200
Lwil oliv	130	54.4	24.1
Lwil palmis	100	37.8	47.8
Lwil palmis	130	54.4	26.4
Peanut lwil oliv	100	37.8	42	200
Peanut lwil oliv	130	54.4	23.4
Pentane-n	0	17.8	0.508
Pentane-n	80	26.7	0.342
petrolatum	130	54.4	20.5	100
petrolatum	160	71.1	15	77
Etè petwòl	60	15.6	31(est)	1.1
Propionik asid	32	0	1.52 CP	31.5
Propionik asid	68	20	1.13
Glikol pwopilèn	70	21.1	52	241
Trempe lwil oliv			100-120	20.5-25
Lwil oliv kolza	100	37.8	54.1	250
Lwil oliv kolza	130	54.4	31	145
Rosin lwil oliv	100	37.8	324.7	1500
Rosin lwil oliv	130	54.4	129.9	600
Rosin (bwa)	100	37.8	216-11M	1M-50M
Rosin (bwa)	200	93.3	108-4400	500-20M
Wowoli grenn lwil	100	37.8	39.6	184
Wowoli grenn lwil	130	54.4	23	110
klori sodyòm 5%	68	20	1097	31.1
klori sodyòm 25%	60	15.6	2.4	34
Idwoksid sodyòm (soda mordan) 20%	65	18.3	4.0	39.4
Idwoksid sodyòm (soda mordan) 30%	65	18.3	10.0	58.1
Idwoksid sodyòm (soda mordan) 40%	65	18.3
Lwil pwa soya	100	37.8	35.4	165
Lwil pwa soya	130	5.4	19.64	96
Lwil espèm	100	37.5	21-23	110
Lwil espèm	130	54.4	15.2	78
Asid silfirik 100%	68	20	14.56	76
Asid silfirik 100%	140	60	7.2 CP
Asid silfirik 95%	68	20	14.5	75
Asid silfirik 60%	68	20	4.4	41
Asid silfirik 20%				3M-8M
Asid silfirik 20%				650-1400
Tar, fou coke	70	21.1	600-1760	15M-300M
Tar, fou coke	100	37.8	141-308	2M-20M
Tar, kay gaz	70	21.1	3300-66M	2500
Tar, kay gaz	100	37.8	440-4400	500
Goudron, pine	100	37.8	559	200-300
Goudron, pine	132	55.6	108.2	55-60
Toluèn	68	20	0.68	185.7
Toluèn	140	60	0.38 CP
Triethylene glycol	70	21.1	40	400-440
Triethylene glycol				185-205
Terebantin	100	37.8	86.5-95.2	1425
Terebantin	130	54.4	39.9-44.3	650
Vèni, spar	68	20	313
Vèni, spar	100	37.8	143
Dlo, distile	68	20	10038	31
Dlo, fre	60	15.6	1.13	31.5
Dlo, fre	130	54.4	0.55
Dlo, lanmè			1.15	31.5
Lwil balèn	100	37.8	35-39.6	163-184
Lwil balèn	130	54.4	19.9-23.4	97-112
Xylène-o	68	20	0.93
Xylène-o	104	40	0.623 CP